Monohydrocalcite

Monohydrocalcite is a mineral that is a hydrous form of calcium carbonate, CaCO₃·H₂O. It was formerly also known by the name hydrocalcite, which is now discredited by the IMA. It is a trigonal mineral which is white when pure. Monohydrocalcite is not a common rock-forming mineral, but is frequently associated with other calcium and magnesium carbonate minerals, such as calcite, aragonite, lansfordite, and nesquehonite.
Monohydrocalcite has been observed in air conditioning systems, and in moonmilk deposits in caves, both probably formed from spray of carbonate rich fluids. It is well-known in Robe on the Limestone Coast of South Australia as a component of beach sands of Lake Fellmongery and Lake Butler,[1] where it is believed to be formed from algal spume. Other lacustrine deposits include Lake Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan, Lake Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Solar Lake, Sinai.

It has been reported as a significant component of the decomposition of ikaite in the towers of the Ikka Fjord, West Greenland.[2] It is also noted for its bizarre occurrences, which include inside the otoliths of the tiger shark, the bladder of a guinea pig,[3] the calcareous corpuscles of a cestode parasite,[4] and the final stages of decomposition of the putrefying flesh of the giant saguaro cactus.[5] These occurrences suggest a biochemical origin is possible.

Footnotes

1. ^ Swainson, I. P., The structure of monohydrocalcite and the phase composition of the beachrock deposits of Lake Butler and Lake Fellmongery, South Australia. American Mineralogist, Volume 93, 1014–1018, 2008 http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2008.2825.
2. ^ Dahl, K., Buchardt B. Monohydrocalcite in the arctic Ikka Fjord, SW Greenland:First reported marine occurrence. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2006, vol. 76. 460-471. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.035
3. ^ Catherine, H., Skinner, K., Osbaldiston, G. W., Wilner, A. N. Monohydrocalcite in a guinea pig bladder stone, a novel occurrence. American Mineralogist, 62: 273 - 277, 1977.
4. ^ Señorale-Pose, M., Chalara, C., Dauphin, Y., Massard, P., Pradel, P., and Marína, M. Monohydrocalcite in calcareous corpuscles of Mesocestoides corti Experimental Parasitology 118: 54-58, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2007.06.011
5. ^ Garvie, L.A.J. Decay-induced biomineralization of the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) American Mineralogist, 88: 1879-1888, 2003.

Further reading

* Hull, H.; Turnbull, A. G. (1973). "A thermochemical study of monohydrocalcite.". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 37: 685–694. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(73)90227-5. .

External links

* Webmineral
* Mindat



List of minerals