.
1994
Fragments of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 hit Jupiter
Elements 110 Darmstadtium and 111 Roentgenium , GSI Germany
First total synthesis of Taxol by Robert A. Holton and his group
Astronomy and space exploration
July 16 – July 22 – The fragments of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact the planet Jupiter
July 21 – R. Ibata, M. Irwin, and G. Gilmore discover the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. It was considered the closest galaxy to the Milky Way from its discovery until 2003.[1]
October 12 – NASA lost contact with the Magellan spacecraft after a successful mission. The probe crashed into Venus shortly after.
Asteroid 7484 Dogo Onsesn is discovered by Masahiro Koishikawa.
14032 Mego is discovered.
8C 1435+63 is discovered and at z=4.25 becomes the most distant known galaxy.[2][3]
Archaeology
March 31 – The journal Nature reports the finding in Ethiopia of the first complete Australopithecus afarensis skull, significant in the study of human evolution.
Biology
September 10 – Wollemia (the 'Wollemi Pine'), previously known only from fossils, is discovered living in remote rainforest gorges in the Wollemi National Park of New South Wales by David Noble.[4]
The Dingiso or tree-kangaroo of Western New Guinea is first seen by scientists.[5]
Flora of China begins publication.
Chemistry
November 9 – Darmstadtium first detected at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) in Darmstadt, Germany, by Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg, under the direction of Prof. Sigurd Hofmann.[6]
December 8 – The first three atoms of Roentgenium are observed by an international team led by Sigurd Hofmann at the GSI in Darmstadt.[7]
Medicine
October – First public demonstration of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.[8]
December 15 – Publication of the "Fukuda" clinical description of chronic fatigue syndrome.[9]
Molecular biology
Green fluorescent protein is successfully expressed in C. elegans, starting its career as a fluorescent marker.
Technology
May 6 – The Channel Tunnel, which took 15,000 workers over seven years to complete, opens between England and France. It is now possible to travel between the two countries in 35 minutes.
Deaths
January 25 – Stephen Cole Kleene (b. 1909), mathematician.
July 29 – Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (b. 1910), chemist.
August 19 – Linus Pauling (b. 1901), American chemist.
References
^ Ibata, R. A.; Gilmore, G.; Irwin, M. J. (1994). "A dwarf satellite galaxy in Sagittarius". Nature 370 (6486): 194. Bibcode 1994Natur.370..194I. doi:10.1038/370194a0.
^ Lacy, M.; Miley, G.; Rawlings, S.; Saunders, R.; Dickinson, M.; Garrington, S.; Maddox, S.; Pooley, G. et al. (1994). "8C 1435+635: A radio galaxy at z = 4.25". Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 271: 504. Bibcode 1994MNRAS.271..504L.
^ http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/astro-ph/pdf/9411/9411007v1.pdf
^ Woodford, James (2002). The Wollemi Pine: the incredible discovery of a living fossil from the age of the dinosaurs (rev. ed.). Text Publishing Co. ISBN 1-876485-74-4.
^ Flannery, T. F.; Boeadi; Szalay, A. L. (1995). "A new tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus: Marsupialia) from Irian Jaya, Indonesia, with notes on ethnography and the evolution of tree-kangaroos". Mammalia 59 (1): 65–84. doi:10.1515/mamm.1995.59.1.65.
^ Hofmann, S.; Ninov, V.; Heßberger, F. P.; Armbruster, P.; Folger, H.; Münzenberg, G.; Schött, H. J.; Popeko, A. G. et al. (1995). "Production and decay of 269110". Zeitschrift für Physik A 350 (4): 277. Bibcode 1995ZPhyA.350..277H. doi:10.1007/BF01291181.
^ Hofmann, S.; Ninov, V.; Heßberger, F. P.; Armbruster, P.; Folger, H.; Münzenberg, G.; Schött, H. J.; Popeko, A. G. et al. (1995). "The new element 111". Zeitschrift für Physik A 350 (4): 281. Bibcode 1995ZPhyA.350..281H. doi:10.1007/BF01291182.
^ "About the Cochrane Library". The Cochrane Library. Retrieved 2011-01-25.
^ Fukuda, Keiji; Straus, Stephen E.; Hickie, Ian; Sharpe, Michael C.; Dobbins, James G.; Komaroff, Anthony; International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group (15 December 1994). "The Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Comprehensive Approach to Its Definition and Study". Annals of Internal Medicine 121 (12): 953–9. doi:10.1059/0003-4819-121-12-199412150-00009. PMID 7978722. Retrieved 2011-07-29.
14 January 1994 discovery of 7434 Osaka
8 February 1994 discovery of 7434 Osaka 7435 Sagamihara and 7436 Kuroiwa
12 March 1994 discovery of 7437 Torricelli
12 May 1994 discovery of 7438 Misakatouge
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16 July 1994 Death of Julian Seymour Schwinger
18 August 1994 Death of Richard Laurence Millington Synge
13 September 1994, Death of Arthur Adel in Flagstaff, Arizona, USA.
7 October 1994 Death of Niels K. Jerne
1994 Death of Dorothy Hodgkin
1994 Death of Harold Horace Hopkins
1994 Death of Linus Pauling
1994 Death of Roger Wolcott Sperry
1994 Death of John Swallow
1994 Death of Olin Chaddock Wilson
1994 Death of Ake Anders Edvard Wallenquist
1994 Death of Michael Philip Candy
1994 Death of Odd Dahl
1994 Death of Roy Billinge
Nobel Prize
Physics "for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter" to Bertram N. Brockhouse "for the development of neutron spectroscopy" and to Clifford G. Shull "for the development of the neutron diffraction technique"
Chemistry: to George Andrew Olah "for his contribution to carbocation chemistry"
Physiology or Medicine to Alfred G. Gilman and Martin Rodbell "for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells"
Source: Wikipedia: All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
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