The year 1729 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Astronomy

January 9 & 16 - James Bradley, in a letter written to Edmond Halley and read before the Royal Society, describes his discovery of aberration of starlight.[1]
August 1 - Fr. Nicolas Sarabat, a professor of mathematics at Marseilles, discovers the Comet of 1729, possibly the largest comet, with the highest apparent magnitude, on record.
English optician Chester Moor Hall (1703-1771) develops an achromatic lens (or achromat) commonly used as the objective of small refractor telescopes.

Biology

Mark Catesby begins part publication in London of The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands, containing the figures of birds, beasts, fishes, serpents, insects, and plants ... together with their descriptions in English and French, the first published account of the flora and fauna of North America, and the first work of natural history to use folio-size coloured plates.[2]

Mathematics

Andrew Motte publishes The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy in London, the first English translation of Isaac Newton's Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (originally published 1687; Motte translated the 1726 edition).[3]

Physics

Stephen Gray discovers electrical conduction.[4]
Pierre Bouguer publishes Essai d'optique sur la gradation de la lumière, defining the quantity of light lost by passing through a given extent of the earth's atmosphere, thus making some of the earliest measurements in photometry and becoming the first known discoverer of what is now known as the Beer-Lambert law.[5]

Births

January 12 - Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist (died 1799)
January 31 - Pehr Löfling, Swedish Linnaean botanist (died 1756)
November 11 - Louis Antoine de Bougainville, French explorer (died 1811)

1729 Birth of Johann Daniel Titius

Deaths

January 31 - Jakob Roggeveen, Dutch explorer (born 1659)
March 2 - Francesco Bianchini, Italian philosopher and scientist (born 1662)
August 5 - Thomas Newcomen, English inventor (born 1664)
1 December 1729 Death of Giacomo Filippo Maraldi in Paris, France, French-Italian astronomer (born 1665)

References

^ Date clarified in: Sarton, George (November 1931). "Discovery of the Aberration of Light". Isis 16 (2): 233. ISSN 0021-1753. JSTOR 224710.
^ Hepper, F. Nigel (2004). "Catesby, Mark (1683–1749)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2011-03-23. subscription or UK public library membership required
^ Steinbock, R. Ted (2006). "Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution". Centre College.
^ Westfall, Richard S.. "Gray, Stephen". The Galileo Project.
^ Lamontagne, Roland (1964). La vie et l’oeuvre de Pierre Bouguer. Presses de l’Université de Montréal.