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The year 1727 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
Maharaja Jai Singh II begins construction of the Jantar Mantar observatory at Jaipur.
Biology
Rev. Stephen Hales publishes Vegetable Staticks, containing an account of key experiments in plant physiology; and makes the first measurement of blood pressure.[1]
Mathematics
This year's French Academy of Sciences prize is based on a problem on the masting of ships: to calculate the number of masts to use and where in the ship to locate them. Pierre Bouguer gains the award for his paper On the masting of ships; and two other prizes, one for his dissertation On the best method of observing the altitude of stars at sea and the other for his paper On the best method of observing the variation of the compass at sea. The 19-year-old Euler enters for the prize with an essay written in 1726 and published in 1728.
Optics
Eyeglasses, with side pieces that rest on the ears, are invented by Englishman Edward Scarlett.
1727, Aberration of light, Bradley
Other events
The kilt is invented by Thomas Rawlinson, the English owner of an ironworks, who designs it as a cheap uniform for better maneuverability around machinery. Ian MacDonnel of Glengarry adopts the garment along with his clansmen, and the kilt is worn throughout the Highlands by 1745.
Births
March 19 - Ferdinand Berthoud, Swiss clockmaker and maker of scientific instruments (d. 1807)
April 7 - Michel Adanson, French botanist (d. 1806)
Deaths
20 March 1727 Death of Isaac Newton, English physicist and mathematician (b. 1643)
March 22 - Johann Leonhard Rost, German astronomer (b. 1688)
References
^ Forssmann, Werner. Nobel Lecture in Physiology or Medicine, 1956.
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