Beschorneria

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Plantaginaceae
Tribus: Veroniceae
Genus: Veronica
Subgenus: V. subg. Veronica
Species: Veronica officinalis
Name

Veronica officinalis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 11. 1753.
Synonyms

Homotypic
Cardia officinalis (L.) Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyr. : 390. 1867.
Veronica officinarum Crantz, Stirp. Austr., ed. 2, 4: 336. 1769, nom. inval.
Heterotypic
Veronica acutiflora Lapeyr. ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 1: 112. 1817.
Veronica allionii F.W.Schmidt, Fl. Boem. 1: 6. 1793, nom. illeg. non Vill (1779).
Veronica allionii var. tournefortii Vill., Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauph. 20. 1779.
Veronica carquejana Samp., Ann. Sci. Nat. (Oporto) 10: 47. 1906.
Veronica depressa Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 495. 1866, nom. inval., pro syn.
Veronica dryadis Schur, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 54. 1853.
Veronica guentheri Opiz, Naturalientausch 111. 1825, nom. nud.
Veronica hirsuta Hopkirk, Fl. Glott. 9. 1813.
Veronica hirsutissima Opiz, Naturalientausch 111. 1825, nom. nud.
Veronica hortensis Opiz, Naturalientausch 111. 1825, nom. nud.
Veronica lanceolata Opiz, Naturalientausch 111. 1825, nom. nud.
Veronica mas Garsault, Descr. Vertus Pl. 4: 357, pl. 616. 1767, nom. inval.
Veronica muelleriana Schult., Mant. 1: 107. 1822, nom. inval.
Veronica officinalis [b] subarctica Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 495. 1866.
Veronica officinalis f. albiflora (G.Don) House, Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 254: 624. 1924.
Veronica officinalis var. albiflora G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 571. 1837.
Veronica officinalis var. carquejana (Samp.) Cout., Fl. Portugal ed. 2 663. 1939.
Veronica officinalis var. dorotheae Sennen, in sched., nom. nud.
Veronica officinalis var. glabrescens Bolle, Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 7: 25. 1867, in sched., nom. nud.
Veronica officinalis var. glabrescens Merino, Fl. Galicia 2: 108. 1906, nom. illeg., non Bolle (1867).
Veronica officinalis var. major Sennen, Pl. Espagne nº 3490, in sched., nom. nud.
Veronica officinalis var. minor Gren., Fl. France (Grenier & Godron) 2: 591. 1853.
Veronica officinalis var. multicaulis Wallr., Sched. Crit.: 22. 1822.
Veronica officinalis var. silvestris Wallr., Sched. Crit.: 22. 1822.
Veronica officinalis var. tournefortii (Vill.) Rchb., Icon. Bot., tab. 1053-1054.
Veronica officinalis var. uniracemosa Zubía, in sched., nom. nud.
Veronica praetutiana Moretti, Bibliot. Ital. (Milan), 72: 217. 1833.
Veronica setigera D.Don, Mem. Wern. Hist. Nat. Soc. 3: 297. 1821.
Veronica spadana Lej., Fl. Env. Spa, 1: 22. 1811.
Veronica subarctica Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 495. 1866, nom. inval., pro syn.
Veronica talenceana Gand., Fl. Eur. 18: 203. 1889, nom. inval.
Veronica tournefortii (Vill.) Vill., Hist. Pl. Dauph., 2: 9. 1787.
Veronica vadiniensis R.Alonso, Lence, López Pach., Puente & Penas, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 141: 119. 2003.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Northern Europe
Denmark, Finland, Føroyar, Great Britain, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
Regional: Middle Europe
Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic, Slovakia), Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia (Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia).
Regional: Eastern Europe
Belarus, Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania), Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine (Ukraine, Moldova).
Continental: Africa
Regional: Macaronesia
Azores, Madeira.
Regional: Southern Africa
Cape Provinces.
Regional: Middle Atlantic Ocean
St.Helena.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Siberia
Altay, Buryatiya, Krasnoyarsk, West Siberia.
Regional: Russian Far East
Sakhalin.
Regional: Middle Asia
Turkmenistan.
Regional: Caucasus
North Caucasus, Transcaucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia).
Regional: Western Asia
Iran, Turkey.
Continental: Northern America
Regional: Subarctic America
Greenland.
Regional: Western Canada
British Columbia.
Regional: Eastern Canada
New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec.
Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming.
Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin.
Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
California.
Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia.
Continental: Southern America
Regional: Southern South America
Chile Central, Chile South.
Note: Grey script indicates introduced occurrences.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 11. Reference page.

Additional references

Komarov, V.L. et al. (eds.). 1934–1964. Flora SSSR. 30 vols. Moscow/Leningrad: Botanicheskii institut, Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR. Reference page.
Davis, P.H. (ed.) 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. 9 vols. + Supplement. University Press, Edinburgh. Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2018. Veronica officinalis. Published online. Accessed: 22 February 2018.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Veronica officinalis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Oct 7. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2021. Veronica officinalis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Oct 7.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Veronica officinalis. Accessed: 7 Oct 2021.
Hassler, M. 2021. Veronica officinalis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Oct 7. Reference page.

Vernacular names
العربية: زهرة الحواشي المخزنية
azərbaycanca: Dərman bulaqotu
башҡортса: Шифалы юшан
беларуская: Крынічнік лекавы
български: Великденче
català: Herba dels leprosos
čeština: Rozrazil lékařský
Cymraeg: Rhwyddlwyn meddygol
dansk: Læge-Ærenpris
Deutsch: Echter Ehrenpreis
English: Heath Speedwell
español: Verónica
eesti: Harilik mailane
فارسی: ورونیکا آفیسینالیس
suomi: Rohtotädyke
français: Véronique officinale
hornjoserbsce: Dobry rozraz
magyar: Orvosi veronika
հայերեն: Բերենիկե դեղագործական
íslenska: Hárdepla
日本語: セイヨウグンバイヅル
lietuvių: Vaistinė veronika
Nederlands: Mannetjesereprijs
norsk nynorsk: Lækjeveronika
norsk: Legeveronika
polski: Przetacznik leśny
português: Carvalhinha
română: Ventrilică
русский: Вероника лекарственная
slovenčina: Veronika lekárska
српски / srpski: Честославица
svenska: Ärenpris
Türkçe: Çıban otu
українська: Вероніка лікарська
vepsän kel’: Norhein

Veronica officinalis, the heath speedwell,[1] common gypsyweed,[2] common speedwell, or Paul's betony, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae. It is native to Europe and western Asia. It has been introduced to North America and is widely naturalised there.

It is a herbaceous perennial with hairy green stems 10–50 cm long that cover the ground in mats and send up short vertical shoots which bear soft violet flowers. The leaves are 1.5–5 cm long and 1–3 cm broad, and softly hairy.

It flowers from May until August.
Cultivation and uses

This speedwell grows in open areas, such as fields, meadows and gardens, where it is sometimes grown as an edible, or medicinal herb.[3]

The slightly bitter and astringent taste and tea-like smell of speedwell led to its use as a tea substitute in 19th-century France, where it was called thé d'Europe, or "Europe tea." The French still use this term as a name for speedwell.[4]
References

BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
"Veronica officinalis". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 29 July 2015.
"Veronica officinalis". PFAF.
Pharmacopoea Bavarica Iussu Regio Edita (in Latin). Munich: Joseph Lindauer. 1822. p. 132.