Umbilicus horizontalis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Saxifragales

Familia: Crassulaceae
Subfamilia: Sempervivoideae
Tribus: Umbiliceae
Genus: Umbilicus
Species: Umbilicus horizontalis
Varietates: U. h. var. horizontalis – U. h. var. intermedius
Name

Umbilicus horizontalis (Guss.) DC., Prodr. 3: 400 (1828).
Synonyms

Basionym
Cotyledon horizontalis Guss., Fl. Neapol. Prodr. App. 5: 13 (1826).
Homotypic
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris subsp. horizontalis (Guss.) Batt. in J.A.Battandier & L.C.Trabut, Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 329 (1889).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris var. horizontalis (Guss.) Menezes, Fl. Arch. Madeira: 66 (1914).
Cotyliphyllum horizontale (Guss.) Link, Handbuch 2: 23 (1831).
Umbilicus rupestris subsp. horizontalis (Guss.) O.Bolòs & Vigo, Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot. 38(1): 66 (1974).
Heterotypic
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris var. amphitropa Batt., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 28: 227 (1881).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris f. amphitropa (Batt.) Maire, Fl. Afrique. N. 14: 274 (1976).
Umbilicus gaditanus Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 58 (1846). (accepted by POWO, Flora Iberica, Euro+Med Plantbase)
Cotyledon gaditana (Boiss.) Pau, Ann. Sci. Acad. Polytechn. Porto 6: 97 (1911).
Umbilicus horizontalis subsp. gaditanus (Boiss.) Losa & Rivas Goday, Arch. Inst. Aclim. 13: 232 (1974).
Umbilicus rupestris subsp. gaditanus (Boiss.) A.Bolòs & O.Bolòs, Misc. Fontser. 86 (1961).
Umbilicus rupestris var. gaditanus (Boiss.) Malag., Sin. Fl. Ibér. 43 (1976).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris subsp. gaditana (Boiss.) H.Lindb., Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2): 68 (1932).
Umbilicus vulgaris subsp. gaditanus (Boiss.) Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie Tunisie 1: 33 (1904).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris var. gaditana (Boiss.) Batt. in Battandier & Trabut, Fl. Algérie: 329 (1889).
Umbilicus gaditanus var. giganteus Batt., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 32: 339 (1885).
Umbilicus giganteus (Batt.) Batt. in Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie Tunisie 1: 33 (1904).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris var. gigantea (Batt.) Maire, Petite Fl. Régions Arides Maroc Occ. 1: 303 (1961). nom. inval.
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris f. gigantea Batt. in Battandier & Trabut, Fl. Algérie: 329 (1889).
Cotyledon peltata J.C.Wendl., Bot. Beob.: 49 (1798).
Cotyledon pendulina Batt. in J.A.Battandier & L.C.Trabut, Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 329 (1889).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris f. parviflora Maire, Fl. Afrique. N. 14: 276 (1976).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris var. pomelii Maire, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 27: 224 (1936).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris var. purpurea (Maire) Maire, Fl. Afrique. N. 14: 275 (1976).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris f. purpurea Maire, , Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 418 (1936).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris var. suberecta Maire, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 25: 301 (1934).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris f. suberecta (Maire) Maire, Fl. Afrique. N. 14: 274 (1976).
Umbilicus maroccanus Gand., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 78 (1907).
Umbilicus rodriguezii Gand., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 133 (1900).
Cotyledon umbilicus-veneris var. fontqueri Maire & Sennen, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 24: 213 (1933).
Cotyledon font-queri (Maire & Sennen) Sennen & Mauricio, Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 44 (1933).
Cotyledon gaditana subsp. font-queri (Maire & Sennen) Sennen, Diagn. Nouv. Pl. Espagne & Maroc : 155 (1951) “1936“.
Umbilicus horizontalis var. majoricensis Barceló, Fl. Baleares 184 (1880).

Homonyms

Umbilicus horizontalis J.A.Schmidt = Umbilicus schmidtii Bolle

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Baleares, Sardegna, Spain
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Sicilia (Malta, Sicily), Yugoslavia (Bosnia-Hercegovina, Croatia, Montenegro).
Continental: Africa
Regional: Northern Africa
Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
Regional: Macaronesia
Azores (Corvo, Faial, Flores, Pico, Santa Maria, Sao Jorge, Sao Miguel, Terceira), Canary Islands (Gran Canaria, Gomera, Hierro, La Palma, Tenerife, Fuerteventura, Lanzarote), Madeira (Madeira, Porto Santo), Selvagens.
Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
Socotra, Somalia, Sudan
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Western Asia
Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Lebanon-Syria (Lebanon), Turkey.
Regional: Arabian Peninsula
Gulf States (United Arab Emirates), Oman, Saudi Arabia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

De Candolle, A.P. 1828. Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive enumeratio contracta ordinum, generum, specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum, juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta. Pars 3: Sistens Calyciflorarum ordines XXVI. 494 pp. Treuttel et Würtz, Parisiis [Paris]. BHL Reference page. (!400)

Additional references

Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2011. Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du Nord. Volume 3: Dicotyledoneae: Balsaminaceae – Euphorbiaceae. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève, ISBN 978-2-8277-0124-7, 449 pp. PDF Reference page.

Links

Hassler, M. 2019. Umbilicus horizontalis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Dec 21. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Umbilicus horizontalis. Published online. Accessed: Dec 21 2019.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Umbilicus horizontalis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Dec 21. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2019. Umbilicus horizontalis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Dec 21.
Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Umbilicus horizontalis in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Dec 21.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Waagerechtes Nabelkraut
English: Horizontal Navelwort, narrow navelwort

Umbilicus horizontalis, the horizontal navelwort, is a fleshy perennial flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae (in the genus Umbilicus) native to the Mediterranean Basin and Middle East, from the Azores in the west to Oman in the east[1] in rocky habitats.

Horizontal navelwort grows to an average of 25 cm (10 in) high. The thickly clustered, bell-shaped flowers are pale green, and grow in a raceme perpendicular to the spike, unlike common navelwort, whose flowers droop (thus the term "horizontal").

The plant often grows on shady walls or in damp rock crevices that are sparse in other plant growth, where its succulent, dark green leaves develop in rosettes that are about 7 cm (3 in) wide. Horizontal navelwort is similar to common navelwort in many respects, but is noticeably more succulent.
Literature

Mediterranean Wild Flowers, Marjorie Blamey & Christopher Grey-Wilson, HarperCollinsPublishers, 1993, ISBN 0 00 219901 7

References

"Umbilicus horizontalis (Guss.) DC". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 24 March 2021.