Rosa acicularis

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Rosales

Familia: Rosaceae
Subfamilia: Rosoideae
Tribus: Roseae
Genus: Rosa
Subgenus: R. subg. Rosa
Sectio: R. sect. Rosa
Series: R. ser. Rosa
Species: Rosa acicularis
Subspecies: R. a. subsp. acicularis – R. a. subsp. sayi
Varietates: R. a. subsp. acicularis var. acicularis – R. a. subsp. acicularis var. nipponensis
Name

Rosa acicularis Lindl., Ros. monogr. 44, t. 8. 1820.
Hybrids

R. × engelmannii
References

Brumme, H. & Gladis, T. (2007) Die Wildrosen (Gattung Rosa L.) im Europa-Rosarium Sangerhausen, nach ihrer Verwandtschaft geordnet [1].
Provisional Global Plant Checklist (1996-2007). The International Organization for Plant Information. 2009 Aug 15 [2].
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Rosa acicularis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 15 August 2009.

Vernacular names
dansk: Finsk Rose
Deutsch: Nadel-Rose
English: arctic rose / prickly rose
eesti: Nõeljaogaline kibuvits
suomi: Karjalanruusu
svenska: Finnros

Rosa acicularis is a flowering plant in the Rosaceae family. It is commonly known as the prickly wild rose, prickly rose, bristly rose, wild rose or Arctic rose. It is a species of wild rose with a Holarctic distribution in northern regions of Asia,[3] Europe,[4] and North America.

Description

Rosa acicularis is a deciduous shrub growing 1–3 m tall. The leaves are pinnate, 7–14 cm long, with three to seven leaflets. The leaflets are ovate, with serrate (toothed) margins. The flowers are pink (rarely white), 3.5–5 cm diameter; the hips are red, pear-shaped to ovoid, 10–15 mm diameter. Its native habitats include thickets, stream banks, rocky bluffs, and wooded hillsides.[5]

The ploidy of this rose species is variable. Botanical authorities have listed it as tetraploid and hexaploid in North America (subsp. sayi),[6] and octoploid in Eurasia (subsp. acicularis),[6] including China.[7] On the northern Great Plains its populations are generally tetraploid.[citation needed] Hexaploid populations exist in the Yukon.
North America

This native rose species of the northern Great Plains is the provincial flower of Alberta.[8] It is not as common in the Parkland region of the Canadian Prairie provinces as Rosa woodsii (Woods' rose), nor is it as common as Rosa woodsii in the boreal forest of northern North America.

Uses

The hips, which stay on the plant through winter, are reported to be high in vitamins A and C. Native Americans made tea and salad from the leaves, and used the inner bark to smoke tobacco. Perfume has also been made from this plant.[9]
See also

List of Rosa species

References

Maiz-Tome, L. (2016). "Rosa acicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T64323755A67730697. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
"Rosa acicularis". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 17 December 2017.
Robertson, Kenneth R. "Rosa acicularis". Flora of China – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
[http:/contact /rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/ ]. Flora Europaea.
"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
Lewis W.H. (1959). "Monograph of Rosa in North America. I. R. acicularis". Brittonia. 11 (1): 1–24. doi:10.2307/2805073. JSTOR 2805073. S2CID 34323115.
Yu, Chao; Luo, Le; Pan, Hui-tang; Sui, Yun-ji; Guo, Run-hua; Wang, Jin-yao; Zhang, Qi-xiang (January 2014). "Karyotype Analysis of Wild Rosa Species in Xinjiang, Northwestern China". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 139 (1): 39–47. doi:10.21273/JASHS.139.1.39.
"Government of Alberta's official emblems" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-01-02.
Reiner, Ralph E. (1969). Introducing the Flowering Beauty of Glacier National Park and the Majestic High Rockies. Glacier Park, Inc. p. 120.