Pitcairnioideae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Bromeliaceae
Subfamilia: Pitcairnioideae
Genera: Deuterocohnia – Dyckia – Encholirium – Fosterella – Pitcairnia

Name

Pitcairnioideae Harms ex Engler, H.G.A. & Prantl, K.A.E. (1930). Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 15a: 99.

Type genus: Pitcairnia L’Hér., (1789) nom. cons.

References

Harms, H. in Engler, H.G.A. & Prantl, K.A.E. 1930. Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 15a: 99.
Givnish, T.J., Millam, K.C., Berry, P. E. & Sytsma, K. J. 2007. Phylogeny, adaptive radiation, and historical biogeography of Bromeliaceae inferred from ndhF sequence data. Aliso 23(1): 3–26. DOI: 10.5642/aliso.20072301.04 PDF Reference page.

Links

The Family Bromeliaceae at APWebsite.
The Bromeliad Society International.
Derek Butcher: Key to the genera of Bromeliaceae.

The Pitcairnioideae comprise the terrestrial subfamily of the bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) with over 1000 species in 16 genera. Unlike the many epiphytes and lithophytes which make up the rest of the family, with a few exceptions, all of the members of this subfamily are either terrestrial or saxicolous. Common to arid and high-altitude regions, this subfamily is considered to have the most ancient lineage, more closely resembling its grassy relatives than the exotic novelties represented in the other two subfamilies. The commonly cultivated genera from this group include Dyckia, Hechtia, Pitcairnia, and Puya.
Description

Most Pitcairnioideae leaves are fleshy with heavy spines on the edges, and resemble agave. Their blooms contain dry capsules with small, wingless seeds. Like most plants, and unlike most other bromeliads, this group has a developed root system to gather water and nutrients. Similarly, not all pitcairnioid leaves grow in an effective cup to catch water as is seen in the other families. Leaf trichomes are present in the Pitcairnioideae, but are not effective in gathering nutrients; the trichomes, however, can be sufficiently thick so as to provide a frost barrier essential to its survival (e.g. Puya laxa).
Genera

The 16 genera are:

Image	Genus	Number of living species
	Brewcaria L.B.Sm., Steyerm. & H.Rob.	6
	Brocchinia Schult.f. ex Schult. & Schult.f.	20
	Connellia N.E.Br.	6
	Cottendorfia Schult.f.	1
	Deuterocohnia Mez	18
	Dyckia Schult.f.	130
	Encholirium Schult.f.	22
	Fosterella L.B.Sm.	30
	Hechtia Klotzsch	52
	Lindmania	38
	Navia	93
	Pepinia Brongn. ex André	57
	Pitcairnia L'Hér.	331
	Puya Molina	219
	Sequencia (L.B.Sm.) Givnish	1
	Steyerbromelia L.B.Sm.	6

References

http://www.ecocam.com/species/Bromeliaceae.html
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/monocots/bromeliflorae.html
BSI - Bromeliad Info - Taxonomy
LUTHER, H. E. (2008) An Alphabetical List of Bromeliad Binomials, Eleventh Edition The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota, Florida, USA. Published by The Bromeliad Society International.