Myrsine

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Ordo: Ericales

Familia: Primulaceae
Subfamilia: Myrsinoideae
Genus: Myrsine
Species: M. achradifolia – M. acrantha – M. acrosticta – M. acutiloba – M. adamsonii – M. affinis – M. africana – M. albiflorens – M. altomontana – M. alyxifolia – M. amischocarpa – M. amorosoana – M. andersonii – M. andina – M. angusta – M. apoensis – M. aquilonia – M. aralioides – M. arborea – M. arenaria – M. arfakensis – M. argentea – M. asymmetrica – M. augustae – M. australis – M. avenis – M. balansae – M. belepensis – M. bissei – M. boivinii – M. borneensis – M. boulindaensis – M. brevis – M. brownii – M. bullata – M. cacuminum – M. calcarata – M. campanulata – M. carolinensis – M. ceylanica – M. chathamica – M. cheesemanii – M. cicatricosa – M. cipoensis – M. citrifolia – M. clemensiae – M. cochinchinensis – M. collina – M. comorensis – M. congesta – M. cordata – M. coriacea – M. coriifolia – M. courboniana – M. coxii – M. crassiramea – M. cristalensis – M. cruciata – M. cupuliformis – M. daphnoides – M. dasyphylla – M. degeneri – M. densiflora – M. denticulata – M. dependens – M. diazii – M. dicksonii – M. dilloniana – M. diminuta – M. discocarpa – M. divaricata – M. dumbeaensis – M. elata – M. elliptica – M. emarginella – M. faberi – M. fasciculata – M. fastigiata – M. fernseei – M. floridana – M. forbesii – M. fosbergii – M. fosteri – M. fusca – M. gardneriana – M. gilliana – M. glandulosa – M. glazioviana – M. gomphostigma – M. gracilissima – M. grandifolia – M. grantii – M. griffithiana – M. guianensis – M. hadrocarpa – M. hartii – M. hasseltii – M. helleri – M. hermogenesii – M. hosakae – M. howittiana – M. humboldtensis – M. inaequalis – M. integrifolia – M. involucrata – M. ireneae – M. juddii – M. juergensenii – M. katrikouensis – M. kauaiensis – M. kermadecensis – M. kimberleyensis – M. knudsenii – M. koghiensis – M. korthalsii – M. kuebiniensis – M. kwangsiensis – M. laetevirens – M. lamii – M. lanaiensis – M. lanceolata – M. lancifolia – M. latifolia – M. laurifolia – M. lecardii – M. lechleri – M. ledermannii – M. lehmannii – M. lessertiana – M. leucantha – M. leucobrachya – M. leuconeura – M. ligustrina – M. linearifolia – M. lineata – M. loefgrenii – M. longifolia – M. longipes – M. luae – M. macrocarpa – M. macrophylla – M. maculata – M. madagascariensis – M. magnoliifolia – M. maguireana – M. manglillo – M. matensis – M. maximowiczii – M. mccomishii – M. mcphersonii – M. medeciloae – M. melanophloeos – M. memaoyaensis – M. mezii – M. microdonta – M. mindanaensis – M. minima – M. minutiflora – M. minutifolia – M. miquelii – M. mocquerysii – M. modesta – M. montana – M. monticola – M. multibracteata – M. munzingeri – M. myricifolia – M. myrtillina – M. niauensis – M. nigricans – M. nitens – M. nitida – M. novocaledonica – M. nubicola – M. nukuhivensis – M. nummularia – M. oblanceolata – M. oblongibacca – M. obovalifolia – M. obovata – M. okabeana – M. oligophylla – M. oliveri – M. oreophila – M. orohenensis – M. ouameniensis – M. ouazangouensis – M. ovalis – M. ovicarpa – M. palauensis – M. paniensis – M. papuana – M. paramensis – M. parvicarpa – M. parvifolia – M. parvula – M. pearcei – M. pedicellata – M. pellucida – M. pellucidopunctata – M. penibukana – M. perakensis – M. peregrina – M. perpauciflora – M. perreticulata – M. petiolata – M. philippinensis – M. picturata – M. pillansii – M. pipolyi – M. platystigma – M. playfairii – M. polyantha – M. porosa – M. porteriana – M. poumensis – M. pronyensis – M. pseudocrenata – M. pukooensis – M. raiateensis – M. ralstoniae – M. rapensis – M. rawacensis – M. resinosa – M. revoluta – M. reynelii – M. rhombata – M. richmondensis – M. rivularis – M. robusta – M. rockii – M. rolletii – M. ronuiensis – M. rubiginosa – M. rubra – M. salicina – M. sandwicensis – M. seguinii – M. semiserrata – M. serpenticola – M. serrata – M. sessiliflora – M. seychellarum – M. smithii – M. sodiroana – M. spissifolia – M. sprucei – M. squarrosa – M. stenophylla – M. stolonifera – M. striata – M. subsessilis – M. sumatrana – M. tahitensis – M. tahuatensis – M. taomensis – M. tchingouensis – M. tempanpan – M. thwaitesii – M. trinitatis – M. turquinensis – M. umbellata – M. umbricola – M. urceolata – M. vaccinioides – M. variabilis – M. velutina – M. venosa – M. verrucosa – M. verruculosa – M. vescoi – M. villicaulis – M. villosissima – M. warrae – M. wawraea – M. weberbaueri – M. wettsteinii – M. wightiana – M. womersleyi – M. yateensis – M. youngii – M. benthamiana – M. lifuensis – M. pininsularis – M. rouxii – M. salomonensis – M. vieillardii

Paleospecies: †M. waihiensis
Name

Myrsine L., Sp. Pl. 1: 196. (1753)

Type species: Myrsine africana L., Sp. Pl. 1(1): 196. (1753)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Rapanea Aubl. Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 121, pl. 46. (1775)
Type species: Rapanea guianensis Aubl. Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 121, pl. 46. (1775)
Suttonia A. Rich. Voy. Astrolabe 1: 349. (1832)

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 196.
Hassler, M. 2019. Myrsine. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Feb. 2. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Myrsine. Published online. Accessed: Feb. 2 2019.
Jackes, B.R. 2005. Revision of Myrsine (Myrsinaceae) in Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 18(5): 399–438. DOI: 10.1071/SB04022 Reference page.
Ricketson, J.M. & Pipoly, J.J., III 2013. Nomenclatural transfers in the pantropical genus Myrsine (Myrsinaceae). Novon, 22(4): 468–472. DOI: 10.3417/2012082 Reference page.

Links

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Myrsine.

Vernacular names
suomi: Myrsikit

Myrsine is a genus of flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. It was formerly placed in the family Myrsinaceae before this was merged into the Primulaceae.[1] It is found nearly worldwide, primarily in tropical and subtropical areas. It contains about 200 species,[2] including several notable radiations, such as the matipo of New Zealand and the kōlea of Hawaiʻi (the New Zealand "black matipo", Pittosporum tenuifolium, is not related to Myrsine). In the United States, members of this genus are known as colicwood. Some species, especially M. africana, are grown as ornamental shrubs.

The leathery, evergreen leaves are simple and alternate, with smooth or toothed margins and without stipules. The one-seeded, indehiscent fruit is a thin-fleshed globose drupe. The flowers and fruits often do not develop until after leaf fall and thus appear naked on the branches. The fruits often do not mature until the year after flowering. The calyx is persistent.

The Pacific basin and New World species formerly separated in the genera Rapanea and Suttonia (distinguished from the African and Southeast Asian Myrsine sensu stricto by having the style absent and staminal tube and filaments completely adnate to the corolla) are now generally included in Myrsine.[2]

Hawaiian species [3]

Myrsine alyxifolia
Myrsine denticulata
Myrsine fernseei (Mez) Hosaka (Kauaʻi in Hawaiʻi)
Myrsine helleri
Myrsine kauaiensis
Myrsine knudsenii (Rock) Hosaka (Kauaʻi in Hawaiʻi)
Myrsine linearifolia
Myrsine mezii Hosaka (Kauaʻi in Hawaiʻi)
Myrsine petiolata Hosaka (Kauaʻi in Hawaiʻi)
Myrsine wawraea
Myrsine lanaiensis
Myrsine lessertiana A.DC. – Kōlea lau nui (Hawaiʻi)[4]
Myrsine fosbergii Hosaka (Oʻahu and Kauaʻi in Hawaiʻi)
Myrsine punctata
Myrsine sandwicensis A.DC. – Kōlea lau liʻi (Hawaiʻi)[5]
Myrsine degeneri Hosaka (Oʻahu in Hawaiʻi)
Myrsine emarginata
Myrsine juddii
Myrsine pukooensis
Myrsine vaccinioides

Other selected species

Myrsine adamsonii Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine africana (Africa and South Asia)
Myrsine andersonii Fosbert & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine aquilonia
Myrsine argentea
Myrsine australis – Red matipo, mapou (New Zealand)
Myrsine brachyclada
Myrsine brownii Fosbert & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine bullata Pipoly (Peru)
Myrsine ceylanica (Mez) Wadhwa
Myrsine cheesemanii (Mez) Hemsl. ex Prain (Cook Islands)
Myrsine diazii Pipoly (Peru)
Myrsine divaricata Cunn (New Zealand)
Myrsine falcata Nadeaud (French Polynesia)
Myrsine fasciculata (J.Moore) Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine fusca (J.Moore) Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine gracilissima Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine hartii
Myrsine hosakae H.St.John (Pitcairn Islands)
Myrsine howittiana (F.Muell. ex Mez) Jackes (Eastern Australia)
Myrsine juddii
Myrsine juergensenii
Myrsine kermadecensis
Myrsine laetevirens (Mez) Arechav.
Myrsine niauensis Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine nukuhivensis Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine obovata (J.Moore) Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine oliveri Allan (New Zealand)
Myrsine orohenensis (J.Moore) Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine pearcei (Mez) Pipoly (Peru)
Myrsine raiateensis (J.Moore) Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine rapensis (F.Brown) Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine reynelii Pipoly (Peru)
Myrsine rivularis (Mez) Pipoly (Peru)
Myrsine ronuiensis (M.Grant) Fosberg & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine sodiroana (Mez) Pipoly (Ecuador)
Myrsine tahuatensis Fosbert & Sachet (French Polynesia)
Myrsine umbricola

References

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.
Wagner, W. L.; D. R. Herbst & S. H. Sohmer (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 934.
Appelhans, M. S., Paetzold, C., Wood, K. R., & Wagner, W. L. (2020). RADseq resolves the phylogeny of Hawaiian Myrsine (Primulaceae) and provides evidence for hybridization. Journal of Systematics and Evolution.[1]
Little Jr., Elbert L.; Roger G. Skolmen (1989). "Kōlea" (PDF). United States Forest Service. [permanent dead link]

Little Jr., Elbert L.; Roger G. Skolmen (1989). "Kōlea lau-liʻi" (PDF). United States Forest Service. [permanent dead link]

Ngā Tipu Aotearoa – Most recent taxonomy (only of NZ species).
Flora of New Zealand.