Cnidoscolus

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Malpighiales

Familia: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamilia: Crotonoideae
Tribus: Manihoteae
Genus: Cnidoscolus
Species: C. aconitifolius – C. acrandrus – C. aculeatissimus – C. adenoblepharus – C. adenochlamys – C. aequatoriensis – C. albibracteatus – C. albidus – C. albomaculatus – C. angustidens – C. appendiculatus – C. aurelii – C. autlanensis – C. bahianus – C. basiacanthus – C. beckii – C. bellator – C. byssinus – C. cajamarcensis – C. calcareus – C. calyptratus – C. calyptrodontus – C. ceballosii – C. cervii – C. cnicodendron – C. conicus – C. diacanthus – C. egregius – C. elasticus – C. fimbriatus – C. froesii – C. graminifolius – C. guatimalensis – C. halteris – C. hamosus – C. hypokerinus – C. hypoleucus – C. inaequalis – C. infestus – C. jaenensis – C. kunthianus – C. leuconeurus – C. liebmannii – C. liesneri – C. loasoides – C. lombardii – C. longibracteatus – C. longipes – C. maculatus – C. magni-gerdtii – C. maracayensis – C. matosii – C. megacanthus – C. minarum – C. mitis – C. monicanus – C. monsanto – C. multilobus – C. oligandrus – C. orientensis – C. palmeri – C. paucistamineus – C. pavonianus – C. piranii – C. populifolius – C. pteroneurus – C. pubescens – C. pyrophorus – C. quercifolius – C. rangel – C. regina – C. rostratus – C. rotundifolius – C. rupestris – C. rzedowskii – C. sellowianus – C. serrulatus – C. shrevei – C. sinaloensis – C. souzae – C. spathulatus – C. spinosus – C. stimulosus – C. subinteger – C. tehuacanensis – C. tenuifolius – C. tepiquensis – C. texanus – C. tridentifer – C. tubulosus – C. ulei – C. urens – C. urentissimus – C. urniger – C. vitifolius

Name

Cnidoscolus Pohl, Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 56. 1827.

Type species: Cnidoscolus hamosus Pohl

Synonyms

Homotypic
Jatropha sect. Acrandrae Urb., Symb. Antill. 7: 516. 1913.
Heterotypic
Jussieuia Houst., Reliq. Houstoun.: 6 (1781).
Bivonea Raf., Fl. Ludov.: 138 (1817).
Victorinia León, Mem. Soc. Cub. Hist. Nat. Felipe Poey 15: 242 (1941).

References
Primary references

Pohl, I.E. 1827. Plantarum Brasiliae icones et descriptiones hactenus ineditae. Tomus 1. 152 pp. 16 pl, Vindobonae [Vienna]. BHL Reference page. : 1: 56

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Cnidoscolus in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Jun 17. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Cnidoscolus. Published online. Accessed: Jun 17 2020.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Cnidoscolus in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Jun 17. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2020. Cnidoscolus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Jun 17.

Vernacular names

Cnidoscolus is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1827.[5][3] The group is widespread across much of North and South America, including the West Indies.[4][6][7][8][9][10]

The name is derived from the Greek words κνίδη (knide), meaning "nettle," and σκόλοψ (skolops), meaning "thorn" or "prickle."[11]

Species[4]

Cnidoscolus aconitifolius - Mexico, Central America
Cnidoscolus acrandrus - Dominican Rep
Cnidoscolus aculeatissimus - Goiás, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro
Cnidoscolus adenoblepharus - Bahia
Cnidoscolus adenochlamys - N Brazil, the Guianas
Cnidoscolus aequatoriensis - Ecuador
Cnidoscolus albibracteatus - Guerrero
Cnidoscolus albidus - NE Mexico
Cnidoscolus albomaculatus - Paraguay, S Brazil, NE Argentina
Cnidoscolus angustidens - Mexico, Arizona
Cnidoscolus appendiculatus - Paraguay, Misiones
Cnidoscolus aurelii - Tocantins
Cnidoscolus autlanensis - Jalisco
Cnidoscolus bahianus - Brazil
Cnidoscolus basiacanthus - Peru
Cnidoscolus beckii - Bolivia
Cnidoscolus bellator - W Cuba
Cnidoscolus byssinus - Bahia
Cnidoscolus cajamarcensis - Peru
Cnidoscolus calcareus - Mato Grosso do Sul
Cnidoscolus calyptratus - Goiás
Cnidoscolus calyptrodontus - Bahia
Cnidoscolus ceballosii - Bahia
Cnidoscolus cervii - Mato Grosso do Sul
Cnidoscolus conicus - Minas Gerais
Cnidoscolus diacanthus - Peru
Cnidoscolus egregius - Puebla, Oaxaca
Cnidoscolus elasticus - N + C Mexico
Cnidoscolus fimbriatus - Venezuela
Cnidoscolus froesii - Brazil
Cnidoscolus graminifolius - Tocantins
Cnidoscolus guatimalensis - Guatemala
Cnidoscolus halteris - Pernambuco, Bahia
Cnidoscolus hamosus - E Brazil
Cnidoscolus hypokerinus - Bahia
Cnidoscolus hypoleucus - Peru
Cnidoscolus inaequalis - Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul
Cnidoscolus infestus - E Brazil
Cnidoscolus jaenensis - Peru
Cnidoscolus kunthianus - Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana
Cnidoscolus leuconeurus - Paraguay
Cnidoscolus liebmannii - Puebla
Cnidoscolus liesneri - Cajamarca
Cnidoscolus loasoides - Paraguay, NE Argentina
Cnidoscolus lombardii - Minas Gerais
Cnidoscolus longibracteatus - Guatemala
Cnidoscolus longipes - Colombia
Cnidoscolus maculatus - Baja California Sur, Sonora, Colima
Cnidoscolus magni-gerdtii - Bahia
Cnidoscolus maracayensis - Canindeyú
Cnidoscolus matosii - E Cuba
Cnidoscolus megacanthus - Oaxaca, Central America
Cnidoscolus minarum - Bahia, Minas Gerais
Cnidoscolus mitis - Mato Grosso
Cnidoscolus monicanus - Michoacán
Cnidoscolus monsanto - Bahia
Cnidoscolus multilobus - Mexico, Central America
Cnidoscolus oligandrus - SE Brazil
Cnidoscolus orientensis - Bolivia
Cnidoscolus palmeri - Baja California Sur, Sonora
Cnidoscolus paucistamineus - Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul
Cnidoscolus pavonianus - Peru
Cnidoscolus piranii - Bahia
Cnidoscolus populifolius - Bahia
Cnidoscolus pteroneurus - Paraguay
Cnidoscolus pubescens - Brazil
Cnidoscolus pyrophorus - Peru
Cnidoscolus quercifolius - E Brazil
Cnidoscolus rangel - Pinar del Río
Cnidoscolus regina - Sierra Sagua Baracoa in Cuba
Cnidoscolus rostratus - C + SW Mexico
Cnidoscolus rotundifolius - NE Mexico
Cnidoscolus rupestris - Bahia
Cnidoscolus rzedowskii - Querétaro, Guanajuato
Cnidoscolus sellowianus - Brazil
Cnidoscolus serrulatus - Paraguay
Cnidoscolus shrevei - Durango, Coahuila
Cnidoscolus sinaloensis - Sinaloa, Nayarit
Cnidoscolus souzae - S Mexico, Belize, Guatemala
Cnidoscolus spathulatus - Goiás, São Paulo
Cnidoscolus spinosus - SW Mexico
Cnidoscolus stimulosus - SE USA
Cnidoscolus subinteger - Paraguay, Mato Grosso do Sul
Cnidoscolus tehuacanensis - Puebla, Oaxaca
Cnidoscolus tepiquensis - Sinaloa, Jalisco, Nayarit
Cnidoscolus texanus - SC USA
Cnidoscolus tridentifer - Mato Grosso do Sul
Cnidoscolus tubulosus - from Mexico to Argentina
Cnidoscolus ulei - Bahia
Cnidoscolus urens - Mexico, Central + South America, West Indies, SE USA
Cnidoscolus urentissimus - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais
Cnidoscolus urnigerus - E Brazil
Cnidoscolus vitifolius - Brazil, Bolivia, NW Argentina

formerly included[4]

moved to Astraea Jatropha

C. obtusifolius - Jatropha mutabilis
C. surinamensis - Astraea lobata

References

"Genus: Cnidoscolus Pohl". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-04-13. Archived from the original on 2011-06-29. Retrieved 2011-02-23.
lectotype designated by Small in Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2, 2: 462 (1913)
Tropicos, Cnidoscolus Pohl
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Pohl, Johann Baptist Emanuel. 1827. Plantarum Brasiliae Icones et Descriptiones 1(2[–3]): 56–60[–63], pl. 49–50[–52]. in Latin
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Forzza, R. C. 2010. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2015-08-20.. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
González Ramírez, J. 2010. Euphorbiaceae. En: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. 5. B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 290–394.
Martínez Gordillo, M., J. J. Ramírez, R. C. Durán, E. J. Arriaga, R. García, A. Cervantes & R. M. Hernández. 2002. Los géneros de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Anales del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Botánica 73(2): 155–281.
Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps

Austin, Daniel F. (2004). Florida Ethnobotany. CRC Press. p. 355. ISBN 978-0-8493-2332-4.

Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. (2007). Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. ISBN 0-89672-614-2