Casuarina junghuhniana

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Casuarinaceae
Genus: Casuarina
Species: Casuarina junghuhniana
Name

Casuarina junghuhniana Miq., Pl. Jungh.: 7 (1851).
Synonyms

Basionym
Casuarina montana Lesch. ex Miq.
Casuarina muricata Roxb. ex Hornem.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Tropical
Regional: Malesia
Java, Lesser Sunda Isl.,

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Miquel, F.A.W. 1851. Plantae Junghuhnianae 1: 7.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Casuarina junghuhniana in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Sep 29. Reference page. 
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Casuarina junghuhniana. Published online. Accessed: Sep 29 2019.
Tropicos.org 2019. Casuarina junghuhniana. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 29 Sep 2019.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Casuarina junghuhniana in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Casuarina junghuhniana, the mountain ru or red-tipped ru, is a she-oak species of the genus Casuarina that originated in Java and Lesser Sunda Islands. The species has been introduced to Pakistan and Bangladesh.[1][2]

Description

Casuarina junghuhniana is an evergreen tree growing to 15–35 m (50–115 ft) tall.[3] The foliage consists of slender, much-branched green to grey-green twigs 0.8–1 mm (0.032–0.039 in) diameter, bearing minute scale-leaves in whorls of 9–11. It is dioecious and The flowers are produced in small catkin-like inflorescences. The fruit is an oval woody structure, superficially resembling a conifer cone made up of numerous carpels each containing a single seed with a small wing 4–5 mm (0.16–0.2 in) long.[4] Unlike Casuarina equisetifolia, Mountain Ru (C. junghuhniana) has a narrower canopy, small and neat branches. It has a straight and knotless trunk.[3][5]

Like some other species of the genus Casuarina, C. junghuhniana is an actinorhizal plant able to fix atmospheric nitrogen. In contrast to species of the plant family Fabaceae (e.g., beans, alfalfa, Acacia), Casuarina harbours a symbiosis with a Frankia actinomycete.[6]
Taxonomy

There are two subspecies:[7]

Casuarina junghuhniana subsp. junghuhniana distributed in Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa and Flores, Indonesia.
Casuarina junghuhniana subsp. timorensis found in Timor Island, Wetar, Sumba and Sumbawa, Indonesia and Timor-Leste.

Distribution and habitat

It is native to Java and Lesser Sunda islands, Indonesia.The species has been introduced to Pakistan and Bangladesh as a restoration of degraded forest areas.[8]
Uses

Popularly grown as an ornamental plant and a windproof line.[5] The wood of this tree is used for shingles, fencing, and is said to make excellent hot-burning firewood.[9]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Casuarina junghuhniana.
References

"Taxonomy browser (Casuarina junghuhniana)". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
"Casuarina junghuhniana Miq". www.gbif.org. GBIF. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
Normita Thongtham. Casuarina and effects Bangkok Post, 23 February 2558.
Pl@ntUse Casuarina junghuhniana (PROSEA) Retrieved 4 January 2564.
บ้านและสวน สนประดิพัทธ์ อมรินทร์พริ้นติ้งแอนด์พับลิชชิ่ง 4 July 2559.
National Academy of Sciences. Casuarinas: Nitrogen-Fixing Trees for Adverse Sites. National Academy Press, Washington D.C., 1984.
Winrock International. Casuarina junghuhniana – a Highly Adaptable Tropical casuarina NFTA 95-01, January 1995.
Plants of the World, Kew Science Casuarina junghuhniana Miq. Retrieved 3 January 2564.
Useful Tropical Plants Database Casuarina junghuhniana 13 June 2019.