Caliphruria

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamilia: Amaryllidoideae
Tribus: Eucharideae
Genus: Caliphruria
Species: C. hartwegiana – C. korsakoffii – C. subedentata – C. tenera
Name

Caliphruria Herb., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30(Misc.): 87. 1844.
Type species: Caliphruria hartwegiana Herb.

Synonyms

Homotypic
Urceolina subg. Caliphruria (Herb.) Traub, Pl. Life (Stanford) 27: 58. 1971 , as Calliphruria.

References

Govaerts, R. et al. 2015. Caliphruria in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2015 Mar 21. Reference page.
Herb. (1844) Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30(Misc.): 87.
International Plant Names Index. 2015. Caliphruria. Published online. Accessed: Mar 21 2015.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Caliphruria. .

Caliphruria is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae.[3]) The four species grow in tropical areas of South America, with three endemic to Colombia, but are rare in the wild. This genus is closely related with the genera Eucharis and Urceolina, all of them known colloquially as "Amazon Lilies".[4]

Species

The list of Caliphruria species, with their complete scientific name and authority, is given below.[5]

†Caliphruria hartwegiana Herb.,[6] distributed in northwestern Colombia.
Caliphruria korsakoffii (Traub) Meerow,[7] from North Central Peru. (syn.: Eucharis korsakoffii Traub.)
Caliphruria subedentata Baker,[8] from northwestern Colombia.
†Caliphruria tenera Baker,[9] from Colombia (Cundinamarca).

Distribution and habitat

The genus is restricted in distribution to the Cordillera Occidental and Cordillera Central of Colombia. The species of Caliphruria are rain forest geophytes adapted to the low light conditions of the forest understory.
Conservation status

Many of the species of the genus are endangered. Caliphruria korsakoffii, from Peru, is very infrequent; Caliphruria hartwegiana and Caliphruria subedentata are threatened by extinction; and Caliphruria tenera is listed as extinct.[10][11]
Uses

Caliphruria korsakoffii and C. subedentata are cultivated as ornamental plants.
References

Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30: 87 (1844).
1877 illustration from Baker, John Gilbert, Curtis's Bot. Mag., 103: plate 6289
Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae
Meerow, A.W. 1989. Systematics of the Amazon lilies, Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 76(1):136-220.
Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew. World Checklist of Monocotyledons: Caliphruria. Accessed May 16, 2009.
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30(Misc.): 87 (1844).
Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 217 (1989).
Bot. Mag. 103: t. 6289 (1877).
Handb. Amaryll.: 112 (1888).
Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. [eds] (1998). 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants
"Conservation Status of species from Colombia". Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2009-05-31.