Bambusa bambos

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Bambusoideae
Tribus: Bambuseae
Subtribus: Bambusinae
Genus: Bambusa
Species: Bambusa bambos
Name

Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss, 1895
Synonyms

Basionym
Arundo bambos L., Sp. Pl.: 81 (1753).
Homotypic
Bambos arundo J.F.Gmel., Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis]: 579 (1791).
Bambusa arundo J.F.Gmel., Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis] 2(1): 579 (1791), nom. superfl.
Arundo excelsa Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 24 (1796), nom. superfl.
Bambusa indica André, Pl. Feuill. Ornem.: 103 (1866), nom. superfl.
Arundarbor bambos (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 760 (1891).
Bambusa bambusa Huth, Helios 11: 133 (1893), not validly publ.
Bambos bambos (L.) W.F.Wright, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 9: 195 (1905), not validly publ.
Heterotypic
Arundo arborea Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.° 5 (1768).
Bambos arundinacea Retz., Observ. Bot. 5: 24 (1789).
Arundo agrestis Lour., Fl. Cochinch.: 57 (1790).
Arundo bambu Lour., Fl. Cochinch.: 56 (1790).
Arundo indica Noronha, Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 7 (1790), nom. nud.
Arundo maxima Lour., Fl. Cochinch.: 58 (1790), nom. illeg.
Bambusa arundinacea (Retz.) Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 2: 245 (1799).
Nastus arundiaceus (Retz.) Coyte, Ind. Plant.: 269 (1807).
Bambos agrestis (Lour.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 8: 704 (1808).
Bambos maxima Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 8: 704 (1808).
Bambos quinqueflora Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 286 (1812), nom. superfl.
Nastus arundinaceus (Retz.) Sm. in A.Rees, Cycl. 24: n.° 1 (1813).
Bambusa agrestis (Lour.) Steud., Nomencl. Bot. 1: 100 (1821).
Bambusa maxima (Poir.) Steud., Nomencl. Bot. 1: 100 (1821).
Bambusa orientalis Nees, Linnaea 9: 475 (1835).
Ischurochloa arundinacea var. orientalis (Nees) Buse in W.H.de Vriese, Pl. Ind. Bat. Orient.: 115 (1857), species not validly publ.
Gigantochloa maxima (Poir.) Kurz, Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 27: 226 (1864).
Bambusa neesiana Arn. ex Munro, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 26: 103 (1868), pro syn.
Arundarbor agrestis (Lour.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 761 (1891).
Arundarbor arundinacea (Retz.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 761 (1891).
Arundarbor maxima (Poir.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 761 (1891).
Arundarbor orientalis (Nees) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 761 (1891).
Bambusa arundinacea var. orientalis (Nees) Gamble, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 7: 53 (1896).
Bambusa arundinacea var. gigantea Bahadur, Indian J. Forest. 4: 283 (1981), no Latin descr. or type.
Bambusa bambos var. gigantea (Bahadur) Benn.& R.C.Gaur, Thirtyseven Bamboos: 21 (1990), basionym not validly publ.
Bambusa bambos f. gigantea (Bahadur) S.S.Jain & S.Biswas, Indian J. Forest. 26: 433 (2003), basionym not validly publ.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:
References
Primary references

Voss, A., 1895. Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3, 1: 1189

Additional references

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: I–XXV, 1–1192. DOI: 10.5479/si.0081024X.98.1 Open access BHL Reference page.
Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Bambusa bambos in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 August 19. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Bambusa bambos. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 August 19. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Bambusa bambos. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 19 August 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Bambusa bambos. Published online. Accessed: August 19 2022.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Bambusa bambos in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2022 August 19.

Vernacular names
অসমীয়া: কোটোহা বাঁহ
English: giant thorny bamboo, Indian thorny bamboo, spiny bamboo, thorny bamboo
español: bambú
suomi: Kuitubambu
français: bambou roseau
ಕನ್ನಡ: ಹೆಬ್ಬಿದಿರು
မြန်မာဘာသာ: ကြခတ်ဝါး
português: bambu-espinoso
svenska: taggbambu
தமிழ்: மூங்கிலிரிசி
Tiếng Việt: Tre nghệ
中文: 印度簕竹

Bambusa bambos, the giant thorny bamboo, Indian thorny bamboo, spiny bamboo, or thorny bamboo,[2][3][4] is a species of clumping bamboo native to southern Asia (India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Indochina). It is also naturalized in Seychelles, Central America, West Indies, Java, Malaysia, Maluku, and the Philippines.[5][6]

Habit

It is a tall, bright-green colored spiny bamboo species, which grows in thickets consisting of a large number of heavily branched, closely growing culms. It reaches a height of 10–35 m and grows naturally in the forests of the dry zones.
Appearance

Culms are not straight, but are armed with stout, curved spines. They are bright green, becoming brownish green when drying, and the young shoots are deep purple. Branches spread out from the base. Aerial roots reach up to few nodes above. Internode length is 15–46 cm, and diameter is 3.0–20 cm. Culm walls are 2.5–5.0 cm thick. Nodes are prominent and rootstock is stout.

Culm sheaths are dark brown when mature, elongated, and cylindrical. Length of the sheath proper is 15–25 cm and 12–30 cm in width. Blade length is 4.0–12 cm. Auricles are not prominent. Upper surfaces of the sheath are covered with blackish-brown hairs. Lower surfaces of the sheath are not hairy. Sheaths fall early.
Uses

They are extensively used in many applications, mainly for making bridges and for ladders. Leaves are used for thatching.
See also

Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia

References

"Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss". The Plant List, RBG Kew. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
"Giant thorny bamboo (Bambusa bambos) | Feedipedia".
"Bambusa bambos (giant thorny bamboo)".
"Indian Thorny Bamboo - Encyclopedia of Life".
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

Ohrnberger, Dieter (1999). The bamboos of the world: annotated nomenclature and literature of the species and the higher and lower taxa. Elsevier. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-444-50020-5.

Bibliography

Fern, Ken. "Bambusa bambos". Useful Tropical Plants. January 1, 2016.