Klebsormidium

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Divisio: Charophyta
Classis: Klebsormidiophyceae
Ordo: Klebsormidiales

Familia: Klebsormidiaceae
Genus: Klebsormidium
Species: K. acidophilum – K. bilatum – K. crenulatum – K. dissectum – K. drouetii – K. elegans – K. flaccidum – K. fluitans – K. fragile – K. klebsii – K. lamellosum – K. montanum – K. mucosum – K. nitens – K. pseudostichococcus – K. scopulinum – K. sterile – K. subtile – K. subtilissimum – K. tribonematoideum
Name

Klebsormidium P.C.Silva, K.Mattox & W.Blackwell 1972

Holotype species: Klebsormidium flaccidum (Kützing) P.C.Silva, K.R.Mattox & W.H.Blackwell
Synonyms

Hormidium Kützing , homonym of Hormidium (Lindl.) Heynh. (Orchidaceae)

References

Klebsormidium – Taxon details on AlgaeBase.

Rindia, Fabio; Mikhailyuk, Tatiana I.; Sluiman, Hans J.; Friedl, Thomas; López-Bautista, Juan M. (2010) "Phylogenetic relationships in Interfilum and Klebsormidium (Klebsormidiophyceae, Streptophyta)" Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (in press)
Silva, P.C.; Mattox, K.R. & Blackwell, W.H., Jr (1972) "The generic name Hormidium as applied to green algae". Taxon 21: 639–645.

Klebsormidium is a genus of filamentous charophyte green algae comprising 20 species.[1] The name was proposed in 1972 to resolve confusion in application and status of Hormidium[Note 1] and was given for the German botanist Georg Albrecht Klebs.[Note 2]

The algae occurs mostly in soil and on moist substrates, nevertheless, aquatic and one marine species are also known. Many Klebsormidium-species are able to synthesize substances for UV protection, the so-called mycosporine-like amino acids. The draft genome sequence of Klebsormidium nitens NIES-2285 (called K. flaccidum at the time of publication) was published in 2014.[3]
Description

Klebsormidium forms uniseriate (one cell thick), unbranched filaments. Cells are cylindrical or barrel-shaped. The cell wall may be thin or thickened, and is sometimes made of H-shaped pieces. Each cell contains a single parietal chloroplast which encircles around 40 to 70% of the cell wall, usually with a single pyrenoid.[4]

Klebsormidium reproduces asexually but not sexually. It produces zoospores with two flagella, which are released from cells through a pore. It can also produce aplanospores and akinetes.[4]

The genus can be difficult to distinguish from Ulothrix, but Ulothrix tends to have chloroplasts that are wider and encircling nearly all of the cell.[4]
Species

The valid species currently considered to belong to this genus are:

Klebsormidium acidophilum
Klebsormidium bilatum
Klebsormidium crenulatum
Klebsormidium dissectum
Klebsormidium drouetii
Klebsormidium elegans
Klebsormidium flaccidum
Klebsormidium fluitans
Klebsormidium fragile
Klebsormidium klebsii
Klebsormidium lamellosum
Klebsormidium montanum
Klebsormidium mucosum
Klebsormidium nitens
Klebsormidium pseudostichococcus
Klebsormidium scopulinum
Klebsormidium sterile
Klebsormidium subtile
Klebsormidium subtilissimum
Klebsormidium tribonematoideum

The species of Klebsormidium are in critical need of a taxonomic revision. Traditional morphological characteristics used to delimit the taxa, such as the width of filaments or shape of cells, are unreliable and do not map well to phylogenetic groups.[5]
Notes

Hormidium nitens G.A.Klebs 1896

Georg Albrecht Klebs (1857-1918) Dinophyceae, Chrysophyceae and Xanthophyceae specialist

References

Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2008). "Klebsormidium". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved 2011-01-17.
Silva, P.C.; Mattox, K.R.; Blackwell, W.H. Jr (1972). "The generic name Hormidium as applied to green algae". Taxon. 21 (5/6): 639–645. doi:10.2307/1219167. JSTOR 1219167.
Hori, Koichi; et al. (2014). "Klebsormidium flaccidum genome reveals primary factors for plant terrestrial adaptation". Nature Communications. 5: 3978. Bibcode:2014NatCo...5.3978H. doi:10.1038/ncomms4978. PMC 4052687. PMID 24865297.
John, David M.; Rindi, Fabio (2014). "Chapter 8. Filamentous (Nonconjugating) and Plantlike Green Algae". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G.; Kociolek, J. Patrick (eds.). Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc. ISBN 978-0-12-385876-4.
Rindi, Fabio; Guiry, Michael D.; López-Bautista, Juan M. (2008). "Distribution, Morphology, and Phylogeny Of Klebsormidium (Klebsormidiales, Charophyceae) in Urban Environments in Europe". Journal of Phycology. 44 (6): 1529–1540. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2008.00593.x. PMID 27039867. S2CID 30622039.