Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Basidiomycota
Subdivisio: Agaricomycotina
Classis: Agaricomycetes
Subclassis: Agaricomycetidae
Ordo: Boletales
Subordo: Boletineae
Familia: Paxillaceae
Genus: Paxillus
Species: P. adelphus – P. albidulus – P. amazonicus – P. ammoniavirescens – P. atraetopus – P. aurantiacus – P. aureus – P. brondaei – P. brunneotomentosus – P. cantharelloides – P. chalybaeus – P. coffeaceus – P. crassus – P. cuprinus – P. defibulatus – P. eucalyptorum – P. extenuatus – P. fasciculatus – P. fechtneri – P. filamentosus – P. flavidus – P. griseotomentosus – P. guttatus – P. gymnopus – P. hirsutus – P. hirtulus – P. hortensis – P. ianthinophyllus – P. involutus – P. ionipus – P. jacobinus – P. lacunosus – P. laetipes – P. lamellirugus – P. leoninus – P. ligneus – P. lividus – P. maculatus – P. microsporus – P. minutesquamulosus – P. nigricans – P. nitens – P. obscurisporus – P. ochraceus – P. odoratus – P. olivellus – P. orcelloides – P. orientalis – P. osteopaeon – P. pahangensis – P. pinguis – P. piperatus – P. prostibilis – P. pubescens – P. revolutus – P. robiniae – P. rubicundulus – P. rudis – P. scleropus – P. serbicus – P. simulans – P. solidus – P. sordarius – P. squamosus – P. strigosus – P. tigrinoides – P. validus – P. velenovskyi – P. vernalis – P. zerovae
Name
Paxillus Fr.., Fl. Scan.: 339 (1836) [1835]
Type Species: Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. 1838 (Designated by Clements & Shear, Gen. fung., Edn 2 (Minneapolis): 350. 1931).
Synonyms
Parapaxillus Singer, Sydowia 40(1/2): 58 (1942)
Paxillopsis E.-J. Gilbert, Les Livres du Mycologue Tome I-IV, Tom. III: Les Bolets: 86 (1931)
Rhymovis Pers. ex Rabenh., Deutschl. Krypt.-Fl. (Leipzig) 1: 453 (1844)
Ruthea Opat., Arch. Naturgesch. 2(1): 3 (1836)
References
Primary references
Fries, E.M. 1835 [1836]. Corpus florarum provincialium Sueciae. I. Floram Scanicam: [i]–xxiv + 1–394. Typis Palmblad, Sebell & Co., Upsalia [Uppsala]. BHL Reference page.
Vernacular names
беларуская: Свінуха
Deutsch: Echte Kremplinge
suomi: Pulkkosienet
русский: Свинушка
Paxillus is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include Paxillus involutus and Paxillus vernalis. Two former species—Tapinella panuoides and Tapinella atrotomentosa—have now been transferred to the related genus Tapinella in the family Tapinellaceae[2] [3]
Paxillus means small stake.[4]
Edibility
While this genus has in the past been erroneously considered edible, it is now known to be poisonous and has been linked to a number of recorded fatalities. The deadly poisonings appear to have been due to eating the mushrooms raw.[4]
Species
As of October 2018, Index Fungorum lists 38 valid species in Paxillus:[5]
Paxillus albidulus
Paxillus amazonicus
Paxillus ammoniavirescens
Paxillus atraetopus
Paxillus brunneotomentosus
Paxillus chalybaeus
Paxillus coffeaceus
Paxillus defibulatus
Paxillus fasciculatus
Paxillus fechtneri
Paxillus guttatus
Paxillus gymnopus
Paxillus hortensis
Paxillus ianthinophyllus
Paxillus involutus
Paxillus ionipus
Paxillus leoninus
Paxillus maculatus
Paxillus minutesquamulosus
Paxillus obscurisporus
Paxillus ochraceus
Paxillus pahangensis
Paxillus piperatus
Paxillus polychrous
Paxillus rhytidophyllus
Paxillus robiniae
Paxillus rubicundulus
Paxillus scleropus
Paxillus serbicus
Paxillus squamosus
Paxillus validus
Paxillus velenovskyi
Paxillus vernalis
Paxillus yunnanensis
Paxillus zerovae
References
"Paxillus Fr. 1835". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-07-01.
Binder M, Hibbett DS. 2006. Molecular systematics and biological diversification of Boletales. Mycologia 98:971.
Binder M, Larsson KH, Matheny PB, Hibbett DS. 2010. Amylocorticiales ord. nov. and Jaapiales ord. nov.: Early diverging clades of Agaricomycetidae dominated by corticioid forms. Mycologia 102:865.
Smith AH, Weber NS (1980). The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 211. ISBN 978-0-472-85610-7.
Kirk PM. "Species Fungorum (version 26th May 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Archived from the original on 2021-02-14. Retrieved 2015-05-23.
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