Cladus: Neomura
Superregnum: Archaea
Phyla: Asgardarchaeota – Methanobacteriota – Microcaldota – Nanobdellota – Nitrososphaerota – Promethearchaeota – Thermoproteota
incertae sedis:
Group*: DPANN group
Phylum*: Nanoarchaeota
Candidati*: Aenigmarchaeota – Diapherotrites – Micrarchaeota – Nanohaloarchaeota – Pacearchaeota – Parvarchaeota – Woesearchaeota
Group*: TACK group
Phyla*: Crenarchaeota – Thaumarchaeota
Candidatus*: Korarchaeota
Group*: Archaea incertae sedis
Candidati*: DUSEL4 group – NAG2 group – Bathyarchaeota – Geoarchaeota – Lokiarchaeota – Thorarchaeota
(*) Taxa higher than Phyla are in use, but not covered by the Rules of Bacteriologocal Code (2022 Revision). Phylum is covered as of the 2022 Revision. The category 'Candidatus' is also not covered. A name included in the category Candidatus cannot be validly published, and it also cannot be designated sp. nov., gen. nov., etc.
Name
Archaea Woese, Kandler & Wheelis, 1990
Synonyms:
Archaebacteria Woese & Fox, 1977
Metabacteria Hori et al., 1987
Mendosicutes Gibbons & Murray, 1978
References
Göker, M. & Oren, A. 2024.Valid publication of names of two domains and seven kingdoms of prokaryotes International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 74: 6242. DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006242 . Reference page.
Woese, C.R., Kandler, O. & Wheelis, M.L. 1990. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 87(12): 4576–4579. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576. Reference page.
Oren, A., Arahal, D. R., Göker, M., Moore, E.R., Rosselló-Móra, R. & Sutcliffe, I. 2023. International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Prokaryotic code (2022 revision) International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 73(5a): 5585. DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005585 . Reference page.
Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. & Göker, M. 2020. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70: 5607–5612. DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 Open access Reference page. Accessed 1 August 2024
Tree of Life Web Project. 1997. Archaea. Version 01 January 1997 (temporary) in The Tree of Life Web Project
Brochier, C., Gribaldo, S., Zivanovic, Y., Confalonieri, F., & Forterre, P. 2005. Nanoarchaea: representatives of a novel archaeal phylum or a fast-evolving euryarchaeal lineage related to Thermococcales? Genome Biology 6: R42. Full text
Becerra, A., Delaye, L., Islas, S., & Lazcano, A. 2007. The very early stages of biological evolution and the nature of the last common ancestor of the three major cell domains. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 38: 361–379.
Brochier-Armanet, C., Boussau, B., Gribaldo, S., & Forterre, P. 2008. Mesophilic Crenarchaeota: proposal for a third archaeal phylum, the Thaumarchaeota. Nature reviews microbiology 6: 245–252.
Williams, T.A. et al. 2013. An archaeal origin of eukaryotes supports only two primary domains of life. Nature, 504: 231–236. DOI: 10.1038/nature12779
Links
LPSN: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
Bacterological Code (Revision 1990)
NCBI Taxonomy
Archaea – Taxon details on National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
Archaea – Taxon details on SeqCode Registry (Registry for The Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Described from Sequence Data).
Microbial Genome Database
European Nucleotide Archive
Vernacular names
Alemannisch: Archaebakterie
العربية: عتائق
asturianu: Archaea
azərbaycanca: Arxeya
беларуская: Археі
български: Археи
বাংলা: আর্কিয়া
bosanski: Archaea
català: Arqueobacteri
čeština: Archea
Cymraeg: Archaea
dansk: Archaea
Deutsch: Archaeen
Ελληνικά: Αρχαία, Αρχαιοβακτήρια
English: Archaea
Esperanto: Arkioj
español: Arqueas
eesti: Arhed, Arhebakterid, Ürgid
euskara: Arkeobakterio
فارسی: باستانیان
suomi: Arkkieliöt
Nordfriisk: Uurbakteerien
français: Archées
Gaeilge: Aircéach
עברית: חיידקים קדומים
हिन्दी: आर्किया
hrvatski: Archaea
magyar: Archeák
հայերեն: Նախակենդանիներ
Bahasa Indonesia: Arkea
íslenska: Forngerlar
italiano: Archaea
日本語: 古細菌
ភាសាខ្មែរ: បុរាណណូ
한국어: 고세균
Lëtzebuergesch: Archaeën
lietuvių: Archėja
македонски: Археи
Bahasa Melayu: Arkea
مازِرونی: قدیمیئون
Plattdüütsch: Archaeen
नेपाल भाषा: आर्केया
Nederlands: Archaea
norsk nynorsk: Arkar
norsk: Arkebakterier
occitan: Archaea
Kapampangan: Archaea
polski: Archeony
português: Archaea
Runa Simi: Ñawpa añaki
русский: Археи
саха тыла: Архей
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Arheja
slovenčina: Archaea
slovenščina: Arheje
svenska: Arkéer
Kiswahili: Archaea
தமிழ்: ஆர்க்கீயா
ไทย: อาร์เคีย
Tagalog: Archaea
Türkçe: Arkea
українська: Археї
oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: Arxeya
vèneto: Archaea
Tiếng Việt: Vi khuẩn cổ
Winaray: Archaea
閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú: Kó͘-seng-khún
中文: 古菌
For more multimedia, look at Archaea on Wikimedia Commons.
See also
Bacteria (classifications)
Alternative classifications
Woese (1990)
3-Domain System of Carl Woese
Terrabiota
non-cellular lifeforms
Cytota
LUCA
Domain Bacteria
Neomura
Domain Archaea
Domain Eukaryota
Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [1].
Superkingdom Prokaryota
Kingdom Archaea [= Archaebacteria]
Phylum Crenarchaeota
Class “Aigarchaeota”
Order N.N. ("Candidatus Caldiarchaeum")
Class “Korarchaeota”
Order N.N. ("Candidatus Korarchaeum")
Class “Thaumarchaeota”
Order Cenarchaeales
Class Thermoprotei [= Crenarchaeota]
Order Acidilobales
Order Desulfurococcales
Order Fervidicoccales
Order Sulfolobales
Order Thermoproteales
Phylum Euryarchaeota
Class Archaeoglobi
Order Archaeoglobales
Class Halobacteria
Order Halobacteriales
Class Methanobacteria
Order Methanobacteriales
Class Methanococci
Order Methanococcales
Class “Methanomicrobia”
Order N.N. (Methanocalculus)
Order Methanocellales
Order Methanomicrobiales
Order Methanosarcinales
Class Methanopyri
Order Methanopyrales
Class “Nanohaloarchaea”
Order N.N. (e.g., "Candidatus Nanosalinarum")
Class Thermococci
Order Thermococcales
Class Thermoplasmata
Order Thermoplasmatales
Kingdom Bacteria [= Eubacteria]
Superkingdom Eukaryota
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