Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Annelida
Classis: Polychaeta
Subclassis: Palpata
Ordo: Canalipalpata
Subordines: Sabellida - Spionida - Terebellida - Unassigned
Canalipalpata, also known as bristle-footed annelids or fan-head worms, is an order of polychaete worms, with 31 families in it including the suborder Sabellida (families Serpulidae (tubeworms) and Sabellidae (fanworms and feather duster worms) and the Alvinellidae, a family of deep-sea worms associated with hydrothermal vents.
The Canalipalpata have no teeth or jaws.[1] Most are filter feeders. They have grooved palpi, which are covered in cilia. These cilia are used to transport food particles to the mouth. However, the cilia and grooves have been lost in the Siboglinidae family.[2]
Fossil record
The earliest known member of the Canalipalpata is Terebellites franklini, which was found in the Clouds Rapids Formation of Newfoundland, and dates from the mid Cambrian (St David's series).[3]
Use in aquaria
Many species of Canalipalpata are visually attractive.[tone] Fanworms and Christmas tree worms (a type of serpulid) are recommended as species for beginners to keep in a marine aquarium.[4]
Taxonomy
Order Canalipalpata
Suborder Sabellida
Family Oweniidae
Family Sabellariidae
Family Sabellidae (Feather duster worms)
Family Serpulidae
Family Siboglinidae (Beard worms)
Family Spirorbidae
Suborder Spionida
Family Apistobranchidae
Family Chaetopteridae
Family Longosomatidae
Family Magelonidae
Family Poecilochaetidae
Family Spionidae
Family Trochochaetidae
Family Uncispionidae
Suborder Terebellida
Family Acrocirridae
Family Alvinellidae
Family Ampharetidae
Family Cirratulidae
Family Ctenodrilidae
Family Fauveliopsidae
Family Flabelligeridae
Family Flotidae
Family Pectinariidae (Trumpet worms)
Family Poeobiidae
Family Sternaspidae
Family Terebellidae (Spaghetti worms)
Family Trichobranchidae
Incertae sedis
Family Polygordiidae
Family Protodrilidae
Family Protodriloididae
Family Saccocirridae
References
Robert D. Barnes (1980). Invertebrate Zoology (4th ed.). Holt-Saunders. ISBN 4-8337-0001-8.
Peter Ax (1996). Multicellular Animals: The Phylogenetic System of the Metazoa. Vol. 2. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 3-540-67406-3.
M.J.Benton, ed. (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall. ISBN 0-412-39380-8.
Martyn Haywood; Sue Wells (1989). The Manual of Marine Invertebrates. Salamander Books Limited, London. ISBN 0-86101-474-X.
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