Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Annelida
Classis: Clitellata
Subclassis: Oligochaeta
Ordo: Haplotaxida
Subordo: Lumbricina
Familia: Acanthodrilidae
Subfamiliae: Acanthodrilinae – Benhamiinae
Overview of genera
Acanthodrilus – Aleodrilus – Balanteodrilus – Chilota – Conicodrilus – Decachaetus – Deinodrilus – Deltania – Dinodriloides – Diplocardia – Diplotrema – Eodrilus – Geodrilus – Hoplochaetina – Lavellodrilus – Leptodrilus – Leucodrilus – Maoridrilus – Microdrilus – Microscolex – Naillenia – Neochaeta – Neodrilus – Notiodrilus – Omahania – Omodeona – Parachilota – Perieodrilus – Photodrilus – Plagiochaeta – Rhododrilus – Sylvodrilus – Udeina – Wegeneriella – Yagansia – Zapatadrilus – Zapotecia
Synonyms
?Octochaetidae
Name
Acanthodrilidae Claus, 1880
References
Template:Claus, 1880
Cervantes, G., Fragoso, C., Espinosa de los Monteros, A., Sánchez-Ramos, G., Lara-Villalón, M., Yañez-Pacheco, M. de J., Lázaro-Castellanos, J.O. & James, S.K. 2016. New species of the earthworm genus Zapatadrilus (Clitellata, Acanthodrilidae) from northern Mexico. Zootaxa 4189(2): 311–326. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4189.2.7. Reference page.
Csuzdi, C. 1995: A catalogue of Benhamiinae species (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 97 B: 99–123. PDF
Csuzdi, C. 2006: West African earthworm genus Millsonia Beddard, 1894 (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae: Benhamiinae) reviewed and separation of a new genus. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 52 (1): 35–48. PDF
Csuzdi, C. & C.C. Mischis 2010: Earthworms from Argentinean Patagonia with description of two remarkable new species (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Lumbricidae and Megascolecidae). Journal of Natural History 44 (1 & 2): 31–40. DOI: 10.1080/00222930903380954
Csuzdi, C. & J.E. Tondoh 2007: New and little-known earthworm species from the Ivory Coast (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae: Benhamiinae and Eudrilidae). Journal of Natural History 41 (41-44): 2551–2567. DOI: 10.1080/00222930701742629
Fragoso, C. & Rojas-Fernández, P. 2016. Lavellodrilus notosetosus sp. nov. (Annelida, Crassiclitellata, Acanthodrilidae): a new Mexican earthworm with uncommon characters, revealed by a preliminary revision of subfamily Acanthodrilinae. Zootaxa 4154(2): 101–138. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.2.1. Reference page.
Fragoso, C. & Rojas, P. 2018. New Diplotrema and Lavellodrilus earthworm species from southern Mexico (Annelida, Crassiclitellata, Acanthodrilidae). Pp 414–430 In Schmelz, R.M. (ed.). Global diversity of earthworms and enchytraeids (Clitellata): papers in honor of András Zicsi (1928–2015). Zootaxa 4496(1): 1–575. Reference page. Zootaxa 4496(1): 414–430. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.31 Paywall Reference page.
Glasby, C.J., Read, G.B., Lee, K.E., Blakemore, R.J., Fraser, P.M., Pinder, A.M., Erséus, C., Moser, W.E., Burreson, E.M., Govedich, F.R., Davies, R.W. & Dawson, E.W. 2009. 17. Phylum Annelida: bristleworms, earthworms, leeches. Pp. 312–358. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.). 2009. New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume 1. Kingdom Animalia. Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press: Christchurch, New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-87725772-8. Reference page. Reference page.
Misirlioğlu, I.M. & Stojanović, M. 2018. Distribution of non-lumbricid earthworms (Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae, Criodrilidae, Megascolecidae and Ocnerodrilidae) on the Balkans and Anatolia with first record of Amynthas morrisi (Beddard, 1892) from Turkey. Pp 197–205 In Schmelz, R.M. (ed.). Global diversity of earthworms and enchytraeids (Clitellata): papers in honor of András Zicsi (1928–2015). Zootaxa 4496(1): 1–575. Reference page. Zootaxa 4496(1): 197–205. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.15 Paywall Reference page.
The Acanthodrilidae are an ancient and widely distributed family of earthworms which has native representatives in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, South America, and North America. No native species are known from India (cf. Octochaetidae) nor Asia. The family possibly shows a pre-Pangaean distribution.
Membership requires an 'acanthodriline' arrangement of male pores and holoic nephridia.
Genera
Acanthodrilus Perrier, 1872
Afrogaster Csuzdi, 2010
Agastrodrilus Omodeo & Vaillaud, 1967
Bahlia Gates, 1945
Balanteodrilus Pickford, 1938
Barogaster Gates, 1940
Benhamia Michaelsen, 1889
Benhamiona Csuzdi & Zicsi, 1994
Borgesia James, 1991
Calebiella Gates, 1945
Celeriella Gates, 1958
Chacdrilus Fragoso & Rojas, 2009
Chaetocotoides Julka, 1988
Chilota Michaelsen, 1899
Cubadrilus Rodriguez & Fragoso, 2002
Dashiella Julka, 1988
Decachaetus Lee, 1959
Deinodrilus Beddard, 1888
Dichogaster Beddard, 1888
Dinodriloides Benham, 1904
Diplocardia Garman, 1888
Diplotrema Spencer, 1900
Drilocheira Fender and McKey-Fender, 1990
Dudichiodrilus Csuzdi, 1995
Eodriloides Zicsi, 1998
Eodrilus Michaelsen, 1907
Eudichogaster Michaelsen, 1902
Eudinodriloides Lee, 1959
Eutrigaster Cognetti, 1904
Eutyphoeus Michaelsen, 1900
Exxus Gates, 1959
Guineoscolex Csuzdi & Zicsi, 1994
Herbettodrilus Julka, Blanchart & Chapuis-Lardy, 2004
Hoplochaetella Michaelsen, 1900
Hoplochaetina Michaelsen, 1926
Kanchuria Julka, 1988
Karmiella Julka, 1983
Kaxdrilus Fragoso & Rojas, 1994
Kayarmacia Jamieson, 1997
Konkadrilus Julka, 1988
Kotegeharia Julka, 1988
Larsonidrilus James, 1993
Lavellodrilus Fragoso, 1988
Lennogaster Gates, 1939
Leucodrilus Lee, 1952
Loksaia Csuzdi, 1996
Mallehulla Julka, 1982
Maoridrilus Michaelsen, 1899
Mayadrilus Fragoso & Rojas, 1994
Microscolex Rosa, 1887
Millsonia Beddard, 1894
Monothecodrilus Csuzdi & Zicsi, 1994
Nellogaster Gates, 1938
Neochaeta Lee, 1959
Neodiplotrema Dyne, 1997
Neodrilus Beddard, 1887
Neogaster Cernosvitov, 1934
Neotrigaster James, 1991
Notiodrilus Michaelsen, 1899
Octochaetoides Michaelsen, 1926
Octochaetona Gates, 1962
Octochaetus Beddard, 1893
Octonochaeta Julka, 1988
Omodeona Sims, 1967
Omodeoscolex Csuzdi, 1993
Parachilota Pickford, 1937
Pellogaster Gates, 1939
Perieodrilus Michaelsen, 1910
Pickfordia Omodeo, 1958
Pickfordiella Csuzdi, 2010
Plagiochaeta Benham, 1892
Priodochaeta Gates, 1940
Priodoscolex Gates, 1940
Protozapotecia James, 1993
Ramiella Stephenson, 1921
Ramiellona Michaelsen, 1935
Reginaldia Csuzdi, 2006
Rhododrilus Beddard, 1889
Rillogaster Gates, 1939
Scolioscolides Gates, 1937
Senapatiella Julka, Blanchart & Chapuis-Lardy, 2004
Shimodrilus Julka, Blanchart & Chapuis-Lardy, 2004
Sylvodrilus Lee, 1959
Travoscolides Gates, 1940
Trigaster Benham, 1886
Udeina Michaelsen, 1910
Wahoscolex Julka, 1988
Wegeneriella Michaelsen, 1933
Wegeneriona Cernosvitov, 1939
Yagansia Michaelsen, 1899
Zapatadrilus James, 1991
Zapotecia Eisen, 1900
Sources
Blakemore, R.J. (2005). Whither Octochaetidae? – its family status reviewed. In: Advances in Earthworm Taxonomy II. Eds. A.A. & V.V. Pop. Proceedings IOTM2, Cluj University Press. Romania. pp. 63–84. https://web.archive.org/web/20071210202216/http://www.oligochaeta.org/ITOM2/IOTM2.htm; https://web.archive.org/web/20110722081605/http://bio-eco.eis.ynu.ac.jp/eng/database/earthworm/Octochaetidae5.doc .
Blakemore, R.J. (2006). Revised Key to Earthworm Families (Ch. 9). In: A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity, Ecology and Systematics from Various Regions of the World – 3rd Edition (2008). Ed.: R.J. Blakemore. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan. ICZN validated CD-ROM Publication. Website: http://www.annelida.net/earthworm/.
Michaelsen, W. (1900). Das Tierreich 10: Vermes, Oligochaeta. Friedländer & Sohn, Berlin. Pp. xxix+575, figs. 1-13. Online here: https://archive.org/details/oligochaeta10mich.
Stephenson, J. (1930). The Oligochaeta. Clarendon Press, Oxford. Pp. 978.
Blakemore, R.J. (2013). The major megadrile families of the World reviewed again on their taxonomic types (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea). Opuscula Zoologica Budapest: 44(2): 107–127. [1].
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