Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Heterobranchia
Infraclassis: Euthyneura
Cohors: Tectipleura
Subcohors: Panpulmonata
Superordo: Eupulmonata
Ordo: Stylommatophora
Subordo: Helicina
Superfamilia Incertae sedis: Punctoidea
Familia: Punctidae
Subfamilia: Laominae
Genus: Paralaoma
Species (29): P. ahena – P. allochroida – P. ambigua – P. angusta – P. annabelli – P. buddlei – P. compar – P. depressior – P. gelida – P. goweri – P. hottentota – P. innesi – P. insularis – P. lateumbilicata – P. manawatawhia – P. miserabilis – P. pagoda – P. perminuta – P. pumila – P. raki – P. raricostata – P. regia – P. retinoides – P. sarawakensis – P. senex – P. sericata – P. serratocostata – P. servilis – P. thomsoni – P. turbotti
Name
Paralaoma Iredale, 1913
Synonyms
Fectola (Subfectola) Powell, 1939
Pleuropunctum Germain, 1928
Punctum (Toltecia) Pilsbry, 1926
Subfectola Powell, 1939
Toltecia Pilsbry, 1926
References
Primary references
Iredale 1913: Proc. malac. Soc. London, 10, 380.
bin Marzuki, M.E., Liew, T-S. & Mohd-Azlan, J. 2021. Land snails and slugs of Bau limestone hills, Sarawak (Malaysia, Borneo), with the descriptions of 13 new species. ZooKeys 1035: 1–113. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1035.60843 Open access Reference page.
Paralaoma is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails.
Species
The genus Paralaoma includes the following species:
Paralaoma ahena Iredale, 1945
Paralaoma allochroida (Suter, 1890)
Paralaoma ambigua Iredale, 1913
Paralaoma angusta Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015
Paralaoma annabelli Shea & Griffiths, 2010
Paralaoma buddlei Powell, 1951
Paralaoma burringtoni (Pilsbry, 1930)
Paralaoma coloba (Pilsbry, 1894)
Paralaoma compar Iredale, 1944
Paralaoma depressior Preston, 1913
Paralaoma gelida Iredale, 1941
Paralaoma goweri Iredale, 1944
Paralaoma hottentota (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891)
Paralaoma innesi Iredale, 1944
Paralaoma insularis (Cotton, 1939)
Paralaoma lateumbilicata (Suter, 1890)
Paralaoma manawatawhia Goulstone & Brook, 1999
Paralaoma mazatlanica (L. Pfeiffer, 1856)
Paralaoma miserabilis (Iredale, 1913)
Paralaoma morti (Cox, 1864)
Paralaoma pagoda Climo, 1973
Paralaoma perminuta Preston, 1913
Paralaoma pilsbryi (Hylton Scott, 1957)
Paralaoma raki Goulstone & Brook, 1999
Paralaoma raricostata (Suter, 1890)
Paralaoma regia Powell, 1948
Paralaoma retinoides (Tate, 1894)
Paralaoma sarawakensis Marzuki, T. S. Liew & Mohd-Azlan, 2021
† Paralaoma senex B. A. Marshall & Worthy, 2017
Paralaoma sericata (Suter, 1890)
Paralaoma serratocostata (Webster, 1906)
Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852)
Paralaoma textilis (Pilsbry, 1920)
† Paralaoma thomsoni (Suter, 1917)
Paralaoma turbotti Powell, 1948
Synonyms
Paralaoma abjecta Iredale, 1944: synonym of Semilaoma abjecta (Iredale, 1944) (original combination)
Paralaoma angustum Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015: synonym of Paralaoma angusta Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015 (incorrect gender ending)
Paralaoma caputspinulae (Reeve, 1852): synonym of Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
Paralaoma decresensis Iredale, 1937: synonym of Paralaoma caputspinulae (Reeve, 1852): synonym of Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
Paralaoma duncombei Iredale, 1945: synonym of Paralaoma caputspinulae (Reeve, 1852): synonym of Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
Paralaoma lidgbirdensis Iredale, 1944: synonym of Semilaoma lidgbirdensis (Iredale, 1944) (original combination)
Paralaoma orestias Preston, 1913: synonym of Christianoconcha orestias (Preston, 1913) (original combination)
Paralaoma pumila (Hutton, 1882): synonym of Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852)
Paralaoma raoulensis Iredale, 1913: synonym of Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
Paralaoma royi Iredale, 1944: synonym of Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
Paralaoma stabilis Iredale, 1937: synonym of Paralaoma caputspinulae (Reeve, 1852): synonym of Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852) (junior synonym)
References
Powell, A. W. B. (1939). "The Mollusca of Stewart Island". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 2: 211–238. ISSN 0067-0464. JSTOR 42905983. Wikidata Q58676613.
AnimalBase page for this genus at: [1]
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