Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Cephalopoda
Subclassis: Coleoidea
Cohors: Neocoleoidea
Superordo: Decapodiformes
Ordo: Teuthida
Subordo: Oegopsina
Familia: Histioteuthidae
Genus: Histioteuthis
Histioteuthis bonellii
Histioteuthis is a genus of squid in the family Histioteuthidae. It goes by the common name cock-eyed squid, because in all species the right eye is normal-sized, round, blue and sunken; whereas the left eye is at least twice the diameter of the right eye, tubular, yellow-green, faces upward, and bulges out of the head.
In 2017, researchers at Duke University established that Histioteuthis uses its larger eye to see ambient sunlight, and its smaller eye to detect bioluminescence from prey animals.[2]
The name is composed of the Greek histion (ἱστίον, "sail", a large webbed membrane between six of the arms, in some species) and teuthis ("squid").[3][4]
The genus contains bioluminescent species.[5]
Species
H. bonnellii species-group
Histioteuthis bonnellii, umbrella squid
Histioteuthis machrohista
H. reversa species-group
Histioteuthis eltaninae
Histioteuthis atlantica
Histioteuthis reversa, reverse jewel squid
H. celetaria species-group
Histioteuthis celetaria
Histioteuthis pacifica
H. corona species-group
Histioteuthis berryi
Histioteuthis cerasina
Histioteuthis corona
Histioteuthis inermis
H. miranda species-group
Histioteuthis miranda
Histioteuthis oceani
H. meleagroteuthis species-group
Histioteuthis heteropsis, strawberry squid
Histioteuthis meleagroteuthis
References
Julian Finn (2016). "Histioteuthis d'Orbigny [in Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1841". World Register of Marine Species. Flanders Marine Institute. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
Mismatched Eyes Help Squid Survive Ocean’s Twilight Zone, at Duke University; by Kara Manke; published February 13, 2017; retrieved June 25, 2017
Catlow, Agnes (1854). Popular Conchology. Longman. p. 364. "Histioteuthis, sail, and cuttlefish"
Chun, Carl (1975). The Cephalopoda. Israel Program for Scientific Translations. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-7065-1259-5. "Histioteuthis is characterized by such a large membrane ("sail") [...] This "sail" is a strong, muscular cutaneous membrane which surrounds the 1st, 2nd and 3rd arms"
Herring, Peter J. (1987). "Systematic distribution of bioluminescence in living organisms". Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence. 1 (3): 147–163. doi:10.1002/bio.1170010303. PMID 3503524.
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