Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Caenogastropoda
Ordo: Neogastropoda
Superfamilia: Conoidea
Familia: Drilliidae
Genus: Clavus
Species:
Name
Clavus de Montfort, 1810: Conch., 2, 434.
References
Kilburn, R.N.; Fedosov, A.; Kantor, Yu.I. 2014: The shallow-water New Caledonia Drilliidae of genus Clavus Montfort, 1810 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea). Zootaxa 3818(1): 1–69. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3818.1.1 Reference page.
Clavus is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Drilliidae.[1][2]
Description
Apart from the general characteristics of the genera in the family Drilliidae, the species in the genus Clavus have a shell with peripheral tubercles, spines or wing-like processes.[3] The aperture is rather large. The outer lip is produced below the sinus.[4]
The shell of Clavus is characterised by the following features:— Flat indefinite fasciole, indicated only by the curve of growth lines. A smooth subulate protoconch. An insinuation of the outer lip, near the base, like that of Strombus. A major sculpture of prominent arched scales on the shoulder, and a minor sculpture of dense, microscopic, waved, spiral striae.[5]
Most species in this genus have a dorsal varix. But this is absent in a few species such as Clavus beckii, Clavus humilis and Clavus pica.
G.W. Tryon correctly preserved the genus for smooth specimens with a short body whorl, long spire, nodulous shoulder, no spiral sculpture, a wide, deep anal sulcus adjacent to the suture and, in the completely adult, a marked subsutural callus on the body.[6]
Distribution
The species in this genus occur in the Red Sea, In the Indian Ocean off Mozambique; also off Indonesia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Solomon Islands, Japan and Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia).
Species
According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) the following species with valid names are included within the genus Clavus :[7]
Clavus aenigmaticus Wells, 1991
Clavus aglaia (Dall, 1918)
Clavus alboroseus Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
Clavus albotuberculatus (Schepman, 1889)
Clavus andreolbrichi Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020
Clavus androyensis (Bozzetti, 2007)
Clavus angulatus Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
Clavus basipunctatus (Kilburn, 1988)
Clavus beckii (Reeve, 1842)
Clavus berenice (Dall, 1918) (synonym: Clavus spinosa Smith, E.A., 1882 )
Clavus biancae (Bozzetti, 2008)
Clavus bilineatus (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus boucheti Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
Clavus brianmayi Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020
Clavus burnupi (G. B. Sowerby III, 1897)
Clavus cadenasi (Clench & Aguayo, 1939)
Clavus canalicularis (Röding, 1798)
Clavus candens (Smith E. A., 1879)
Clavus cantharis (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus clara (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus clavata (Sowerby II, 1870)
Clavus cloveri (Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018)
Clavus coffea (Smith E. A., 1882)
Clavus cygneus (Melvill & Standen, 1897)
Clavus davidgilmouri Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020
Clavus delphineae Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
Clavus devexistriatus Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
Clavus dolichurus Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
Clavus dubrucqueae T. Cossignani, 2021
Clavus ebur (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus exasperatus (Reeve, 1843)
Clavus exilis (Pease, 1868)
Clavus falcicosta (Barnard, 1958)
Clavus flammulatus Montfort, 1810
Clavus formosus (Reeve, 1846)
Clavus fulvus (Hinds, 1843)
Clavus fusconitens (Sowerby III, 1901)
Clavus glaucozona Kilburn & Dekker, 2008
Clavus groschi Kilburn, 1988
Clavus herberti (Kilburn, 1988)
Clavus heryi (Bozzetti, 2007)
Clavus hewittae Wells, 1991
Clavus hottentotus (E. A. Smith, 1882)
Clavus humilis (E. A. Smith, 1879)
Clavus hylikos Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
Clavus idae (Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018)
Clavus infrafusca (G.B. Sowerby III, 1893)
Clavus infuscatus Kilburn & Dekker, 2008
Clavus isibopho (Kilburn, 1988)
Clavus isowai Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018
Clavus japonicus (Lischke, 1869)
Clavus johnsoni (Bartsch, 1934)
Clavus juani Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
Clavus kirkhammetti Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020
Clavus laetus (Hinds, 1843)
Clavus lamberti (Montrouzier, 1860)
Clavus maestratii Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
Clavus malva (Morassi, 1998)
Clavus minutissimus Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
Clavus moquinianus (Montrouzier, 1874)
Clavus nodifera (Pease, 1860)
Clavus nodulosa (Pease, 1863)
Clavus obliquatus (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus obliquicostatus (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus occiduus Wells, 1991
Clavus papilio (Kilburn, 1988)
Clavus paroeca (Melvill, 1923)
Clavus particolor Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
Clavus peristera Melvill, 1927
Clavus pica (Reeve, 1843)
Clavus picoides Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
Clavus powelli Kay, 1979
Clavus protentus Hervier, 1896
Clavus pulicarius Wells, 1991
Clavus pusilla (Garrett, 1873)
Clavus putillus (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus quadratus (Kilburn, 1988)
Clavus rissoiniformis Kay, 1979
Clavus roseofuscus (Bozzetti, 2007)
Clavus rugizonatus Hervier, 1896
Clavus sacra (Reeve, L.A., 1845)
Clavus similis Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
Clavus squamiferus Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
Clavus subobliquatus (E. A. Smith, 1879)
Clavus subtilifasciatus Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
Clavus suduirauti Bozzetti, 1997
Clavus sulekile (Kilburn, 1988)
Clavus triantoniorum Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
Clavus unizonalis (Lamarck, 1822)
Clavus velcolorum Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
Clavus vibicinus (Helbling, 1779)
Clavus virginieae Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
Clavus wilmeri (Smith E. A., 1879)
Species brought into synonymy
Clavus abdera (Dall, 1919): synonym of Crassispira abdera (Dall, 1919)
Clavus aeneus (Hedley, 1922): synonym of Antiguraleus aeneus (Hedley, 1922)
Clavus alabaster (Reeve, 1843): synonym of Inquisitor alabaster (Reeve, 1843)
Clavus auriculifera Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de, 1816: synonym of Clavus canalicularis (Röding, 1798)
Clavus candidulus Hedley, 1922: synonym of Splendrillia candidulus (Hedley, 1922)
Clavus costatus Hedley, 1922: synonym of Graciliclava costata (Hedley, 1922)
Clavus crassa (E.A. Smith, 1888): synonym of Clavus aglaia (Dall, 1918)
Clavus enna (Dall, 1918): synonym of Drillia enna (Dall, 1918)
Clavus filicinctus (E. A. Smith, 1882): synonym of Horaiclavus filicinctus (E. A. Smith, 1882)
Clavus flavidulus (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Clathrodrillia flavidula (Lamarck, 1822)
Clavus flexus Shuto, 1983: synonym of Plagiostropha flexus (Shuto, 1983)
Clavus gibberulus Hervier, 1896 : synonym of Drillia gibberulus (Hervier, 1896)
Clavus inclinata (Sowerby III, 1893): synonym of Iredalea inclinata (Sowerby III, 1893)
Clavus lacertosus (Hedley, 1922): synonym of Bathytoma lacertosus Hedley, 1922
Clavus leforestieri Hervier, 1896: synonym of Clavus obliquicostatus (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus maravignae (Bivona Ant. in Bivona And., 1838): synonym of Crassopleura maravignae (Bivona Ant. in Bivona And., 1838)
Clavus mighelsi Kay, 1979: synonym of Pyrgocythara mighelsi (Kay, 1979)
Clavus mighelsi of authors: synonym of Clavus humilis (E. A. Smith, 1879)
Clavus opalus (Reeve, 1845): synonym of Plagiostropha opalus (Reeve, 1845)
Clavus pseudoprincipalis (Yokoyama, 1920): synonym of Inquisitor pseudoprincipalis (Yokoyama, 1920)
Clavus pulchellus (Reeve, 1845): synonym of Fenimorea halidorema Schwengel, 1940
Clavus quintuplex (Melvill, 1927): synonym of Plagiostropha quintuplex Melvill, 1927
Clavus regius Habe & Murakami, 1970: synonym of Drillia regia (Habe & Murakami, 1970)
Clavus undatus (Hedley, 1907): synonym of Austroclavus undatus (Hedley, 1907)
Clavus viduus (Reeve, 1845): synonym of Clavus unizonalis (Lamarck, 1822)
Species inquirenda
Clavus acuminata : species inquirenda
Clavus auriculifera Lamarck : species inquirenda
The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database adds the following species with names in current use :
Clavus siebenrocki (Sturany, 1903)
Subgenus Clavus
Clavus intermaculatus (E. A. Smith, 1879)
References
Clavus. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 21 August 2010.
P. Bouchet; Yu. I. Kantor; A. Sysoev; N. Puillandre (2011). "A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda)". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77 (3): 273–308. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyr017.
Chen-Kwoh Chang, Small Turrids of Taiwan, Chapter 3 , History and Taxonomy of the Clavidae; June 1, 2001[permanent dead link]
George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI p. 155; 1884 (treated as section within the genus Drillia)
Hedley, Charles (1920), A revision of the Australian Turridae; Records of the Australian Museum, vol. XIII nr. 6, Sydney
W.H. Dall (1918) Notes on the nomenclature of the mollusks of the family Turritidae; Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 54 (1918)
WoRMS : Clavus
Montfort, 1810 [Conchyliologie systématique, 2: 434]
Habe T. (1958). On the radulae of Japanese marine gastropods (4). Venus. 20(1): 43-60, pls 2-3
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