Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Subphylum: Eleutherozoa
Superclassis: Cryptosyringida
Classis: Holothuroidea
Subclassis: Actinopoda
Ordo: Dendrochirotida
Familiae (11 + †1): Cucumariidae – Cucumellidae – Heterothyonidae – †Monilipsolidae – Paracucumidae – Phyllophoridae – Placothuriidae – Psolidae – Rhopalodinidae – Sclerodactylidae – Vaneyellidae – Ypsilothuriidae
Name
Dendrochirotida Grube, 1840
References
Additional references
Thandar, A.S. 2017. Two new subfamilies, three new species and a new subspecies of dendrochirotid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Zootaxa 4365(4): 410–420. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4365.4.2. Full article (PDF) Reference page.
Links
Dendrochirotida in the World Register of Marine Species
Dendrochirotida are an order of sea cucumbers. Members of this order have branched tentacles and are suspension feeders. Examples include Thyonella and Cucumaria.
Characteristics
Holothurians in this order are characterised by ten to thirty much branched tentacles which are sometimes digitate. They also have ring structures composed of ten calcareous plates circling the pharynx. They have both retractor and introvert muscles which means they can retract the tentacles into the mouth when not feeding.[1] The body wall is either firm with large ossicles or of a soft consistency with few ossicles. In some genera the animals attach themselves to hard surfaces but in others they burrow into soft sediments. Prey is captured by the sticky tentacles and transferred to the mouth. The larvae are lecithotrophic, not feeding on plankton but surviving only on materials already present in the eggs until they settle and become juveniles.[2]
Taxonomy
Order: Dendrochirotida
family Cucumariidae Ludwig, 1894
family Cucumellidae Thandar & Arumugam, 2011
family Heterothyonidae Pawson, 1970
family †Monilipsolidae Smith & Gallemí, 1991
family Paracucumidae Pawson & Fell, 1965
family Phyllophoridae Östergren, 1907
family Placothuriidae Pawson & Fell, 1965
family Psolidae Burmeister, 1837
family Rhopalodinidae Théel, 1886
family Sclerodactylidae Panning, 1949
family Vaneyellidae Pawson & Fell, 1965
family Ypsilothuriidae Heding, 1942
References
An illustrated key to the sea cucumbers of the South Atlantic Bight Retrieved 2012-02-12.
Marine Species Identification Portal
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
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