Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Blenniimorphae
Ordo: Blenniiformes
Subordo: Blennioidei
Familia: Labrisomidae
Genus: Starksia
Species: S. atlantica – S. brasiliensis – S. cremnobates – S. culebrae – S. elongata – S. fasciata – S. fulva – S. galapagensis – S. grammilaga – S. greenfieldi – S. guadalupae – S. guttata – S. hassi – S. hoesei – S. langi – S. lepicoelia – S. lepidogaster – S. leucovitta – S. melasma – S. multilepis – S. nanodes – S. occidentalis – S. ocellata – S. posthon – S. rava – S. robertsoni – S. sangreyae – S. sella – S. sluiteri – S. smithvanizi – S. spinipenis – S. springeri – S. starcki – S. variabilis – S. weigti – S. williamsi – S. y-lineata
Name
Starksia Jordan & Evermann in Jordan, 1896: 231
Type species: Labrosomus cremnobates ♀ Gilbert, 1890. Type by original designation (also monotypic).
Synonyms
Andracanthus Longley, 1927: 222
Brannerella Gilbert, 1900: 180
References
Starksia species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Jordan, D.S. 1896: Notes on fishes, little known or new to science. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) 6: 201–244, Pls. 20-43.
Baldwin, C.C. et al. 2011: Seven new species within western Atlantic Starksia atlantica, S. lepicoelia, and S. sluiteri (Teleostei, Labrisomidae), with comments on congruence of DNA barcodes and species. ZooKeys, 79: 21–72. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.79.1045
Starksia is a genus of labrisomid blennies native to the western Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Pacific Ocean.[2] Their typical length is 2 cm (0.79 in) SL. The generic name honours the American ichthyologist Edwin Chapin Starks (1867-1932) of Stanford University for his work on Pacific coastal fishes.[3] As a genus Starksia is distinguished from other labrisomids by their scaled bodies, two obvious soft rays in the pelvic fin and the male's have an intromittent organ which is near to or attached to the first spine of their anal fins, which is also somewhat separated from the fin.[4]
Species
There are currently 37 recognized species in this genus:[2]
Starksia atlantica Longley, 1934 (Smooth-eye blenny)
Starksia brasiliensis (C. H. Gilbert, 1900)
Starksia cremnobates (C. H. Gilbert, 1890) (Fugitive blenny)
Starksia culebrae (Evermann & M. C. Marsh, 1899) (Culebra blenny)
Starksia elongata C. R. Gilbert, 1971 (Elongate blenny)
Starksia fasciata (Longley, 1934) (Blackbar blenny)
Starksia fulva Rosenblatt & L. R. Taylor, 1971 (Yellow blenny)
Starksia galapagensis Rosenblatt & L. R. Taylor, 1971 (Galapagos blenny)
Starksia grammilaga Rosenblatt & L. R. Taylor, 1971 (Pinstriped blenny)
Starksia greenfieldi C. C. Baldwin & Castillo, 2011 (Greenfield's blenny)
Starksia guadalupae Rosenblatt & L. R. Taylor, 1971 (Guadalupe blenny)
Starksia guttata (Fowler, 1931) (Spotted blenny)
Starksia hassi Klausewitz, 1958 (Ringed blenny)
Starksia hoesei Rosenblatt & L. R. Taylor, 1971 (Hose blenny)
Starksia langi C. C. Baldwin & Castillo, 2011 (Lang's blenny)
Starksia lepicoelia J. E. Böhlke & V. G. Springer, 1961 (Blackcheek blenny)
Starksia lepidogaster Rosenblatt & L. R. Taylor, 1971 (Scalybelly blenny)
Starksia leucovitta J. T. Williams & Mounts, 2003 (Whitesaddle blenny)
Starksia melasma J. T. Williams & Mounts, 2003 (Black spot blenny)
Starksia multilepis J. T. Williams & Mounts, 2003 (Manyscaled blenny)
Starksia nanodes J. E. Böhlke & V. G. Springer, 1961 (Dwarf blenny)
Starksia occidentalis D. W. Greenfield, 1979 (Occidental blenny)
Starksia ocellata (Steindachner, 1876) (Checkered blenny)
Starksia posthon Rosenblatt & L. R. Taylor, 1971 (Brown-spotted blenny)
Starksia rava J. T. Williams & Mounts, 2003 (Tawny blenny)
Starksia robertsoni C. C. Baldwin, Victor & Castillo, 2011 (Robertson's blenny)
Starksia sangreyae Castillo & C. C. Baldwin, 2011 (Sangrey's blenny)
Starksia sella J. T. Williams & Mounts, 2003 (Darksaddle blenny)
Starksia sluiteri (Metzelaar, 1919) (Chessboard blenny)
Starksia smithvanizi J. T. Williams & Mounts, 2003 (Brokenbar blenny)
Starksia spinipenis (Al-Uthman, 1960) (Phallic blenny)
Starksia splendens Victor, 2018[5] (Splendid shy blenny)
Starksia springeri Castillo & C. C. Baldwin, 2011 (Springer's blenny)
Starksia starcki C. R. Gilbert, 1971 (Key blenny)
Starksia variabilis D. W. Greenfield, 1979 (Variable blenny)
Starksia weigti C. C. Baldwin & Castillo, 2011 (Weigt's blenny)
Starksia williamsi C. C. Baldwin & Castillo, 2011 (Williams's blenny)
Starksia y-lineata C. R. Gilbert, 1965 (Forked bar blenny)
References
Baldwin, Carole; Castillo, Cristina; Weigt, Lee; Victor, Benjamin (2011). "Seven new species within western Atlantic Starksia atlantica, S. Lepicoelia, and S. Sluiteri (Teleostei, Labrisomidae), with comments on congruence of DNA barcodes and species". ZooKeys (79): 21–72. doi:10.3897/zookeys.79.1045. PMC 3088046. PMID 21594143.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Starksia". FishBase. October 2013 version.
Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara (10 November 2018). "Order BLENNIIFORMES: Families CLINIDAE, LABRISOMIDAE and CHAENOPSIDAE". ETYFish Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 2 May 2019.
Benjamin C. Victor (2018). "Starksia splendens, a new endemic labrisomid blenny from the Cayman Islands (Teleostei: Labrisomidae)". Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation. 31: 54–73.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Starksia". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
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