Scapanorhynchus

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Classis: Chondrichthyes
Subclassis: Elasmobranchii
Infraclassis: Euselachii
Division/Cohort: Neoselachii
Subdivision/Subcohort: Selachii
Superordo: Galeomorphii
Ordo: Lamniformes

Familia: Mitsukurinidae
Genus: †Scapanorhynchus
Species: S. elegans – S. lewisi – S. minimus – S. praeraphiodon – S. rapax – S. raphiodon – S. subulata – S. texanus – S. undulatus
References

https://web.archive.org/

Scapanorhynchus (from Greek: σκάφιου scaphion, 'shovel' and Greek: ῥύγχος rhynchos 'snout')[1] is an extinct genus of shark that lived from the early Cretaceous until possibly the Miocene if S. subulatus is a mitsukurinid and not a sand shark.[2][3] Their extreme similarities to the living goblin shark, Mitsukurina owstoni, lead some experts[4][5] to consider reclassifying it as Scapanorhynchus owstoni. However, most shark specialists regard the goblin shark to be distinct enough from its prehistoric relatives to merit placement in its own genus.
Scapanorhynchus texanus, Menuha Formation (Upper Cretaceous), southern Israel.
Near-complete fossil of S. lewisii, under special lighting

Scapanorhynchus had an elongated, albeit flattened snout and sharp awl-shaped teeth ideal for seizing fish, or tearing chunks of flesh from its prey. It was a small shark normally measuring about 65 cm, though the largest species, S. texanus, is thought to have reached up to 3 m (10 ft) in length, about the size of a modern goblin shark.[6][7] The largest teeth reported from this genus are anterior teeth from S. texanus, which can reach lengths up to 7 cm. [8][2]
References

Lineaweaver, Thomas H. (1973). The natural history of sharks. Garden City, N.Y. : Anchor Natural History Books. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-385-02539-3.
Capetta, H., Chondrichthyes II, Mesozoic and Cenozoic Elasmobranchii, vol. 3B of Handbook of Paleoichthyology, Stuttgart, New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1987.
Glickman, L. S., and A. O. Averianov. "Evolution of the Cretaceous Lamnoid sharks of the genus Eostriatolamia." PALEONTOLOGICAL JOURNAL C/C OF PALEONTOLOGICHESKII ZHURNAL 32 (1998): 376-384. [1]
Mikko's Phylogeny Archive
Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2010). "List of Nominal Species of Mitsukurinidae (Goblin shark)". FishBase. Retrieved 2010-08-24. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 28. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.
"Evolution of Lamnoid Sharks".

Roemer, F. 1849. Texas: Mit besonderer Rucksicht auf deutsche Auswanderung und die physischen Verhaltinisse desLands. Mit einem naturwissenschaftlichen Anhange und einer topographisch-geognostischen Karte von Texas. XV 464p. Bonn