Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Cichlomorphae
Ordo: Cichliformes
Familia: Cichlidae
Subfamilia: Cichlasomatinae
Genus: Rocio
Species (3): R. gemmata – R. ocotal – R. octofasciata
Name
Rocio Schmitter-Soto, 2007: 56
Gender: feminine
Type species: Heros octofasciatus Regan, 1903
Type by original designation
References
Říčan, O., Piálek, L., Dragová, K. & Novák, J. 2016. Diversity and evolution of the Middle American cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Cichlidae) with revised classification. Vertebrate Zoology 66(1): 1–102. PDF. Reference page.
Schmitter-Soto, J.J. 2007: A systematic revision of the genus Archocentrus (Perciformes: Cichlidae), with the description of two new genera and six new species. Zootaxa, 1603: 78 pp. Abstract & excerpt
Schmitter-Soto, J.J. 2007: Phylogeny of species formerly assigned to the genus Archocentrus (Perciformes: Cichlidae). Zootaxa, 1618: 1–50. Abstract & excerpt
Links
ION
Nomenclator Zoologicus (not yet entered)
Rocio species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Rocio and its species (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Rocio is a small genus of cichlid freshwater fishes from southern Mexico and northern Central America.[1]
Species
There are currently four recognized species in this genus:[1][2]
Rocio gemmata Contreras-Balderas & Schmitter-Soto, 2007 – from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Rocio ocotal Schmitter-Soto, 2007 – from Lake Ocotal, Mexico
Rocio octofasciata (Regan, 1903) (Jack Dempsey) – from Honduras to southern Mexico
Rocio spinosissima (Vaillant & Pellegrin, 1902) – Lake Izabal basin, Guatemala
These have historically been placed in the genera Cichlasoma or Heros, but they are quite distinct.[1] R. gemmata and R. ocotal were typically regarded as populations of the closely related R. octofasciata until 2007; a review in 2018 recommended that R. gemmata should be considered a synonym of R. octofasciata,[3] whereas a review in 2021 argued that they should be recognized as separate.[4]
Etymology
The genus name is derived from name of J. J. Schmitter-Soto's wife. Meaning dew of the morning in Spanish, this ties in with the colorful spotting that is found in members of this genus.[2]
References
Říčan, O.; Piálek, L.; Dragová, K. & Novák, J. (2016). "Diversity and evolution of the Middle American cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Cichlidae) with revised classification" (PDF). Vertebrate Zoology. 66 (1): 1–102. doi:10.3897/vz.66.e31534. Retrieved 2019-01-25.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Rocio". FishBase. January 2019 version.
Artigas Azas, Juan Miguel (2018). "Rocio gemmata Contreras-Balderas & Schmitter-Soto, 2007: a subjective junior synonym of R. octofasciata". Cichlid News. 27: 22–27.
Schmitter-Soto, Juan J. (2021). "Validity of Rocio gemmata (Teleostei: Cichlidae)". Zootaxa. 4991 (1): 195–200. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4991.1.13. PMID 34186725. S2CID 235685253.
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