Rhinobatos

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Classis: Chondrichthyes
Subclassis: Elasmobranchii
Infraclassis: Euselachii
Division/Cohort: Neoselachii
Subdivision/Subcohort: Batoidea
Superordo: Batomorphii
Ordo: Rhinopristiformes

Familia: Rhinobatidae
Genus: Rhinobatos
Species: R. albomaculatus – R. annandalei – R. austini – R. borneensis – R. holcorhynchus – R. hynnicephalus – R. irvinei – R. jimbaranensis – R. lionotus – R. manai – R. nudidorsalis – R. penggali – R. punctifer – R. ranongensis – R. rhinobatos – R. sainsburyi – R. schlegelii – R. whitei

Name

Rhinobatos Linck, 1790

Type species: Raja rhinobatos Linnaeus, 1758

Etymology: presumably tautonymous with Raja rhinobatos (no species mentioned); rhine (= rasp), a generic term for shark, referring to a shark’s rough skin; batis (= Greek for a flat fish, usually applied to a skate or ray), referring to body form being intermediate between that of a shark and ray The ETYFish Project
Synonyms

Leiobatus Rafinesque, 1810
Platipornax (subgenus of Rhinobatos) Whitley, 1939
Rhinobatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Scobatus (subgenus of Rhinobatos) Whitley, 1939
Squatinoraja Nardo, 1824
Syrrhina (subgenus of Rhinobatus) Müller & Henle, 1841

References
Primary references

Linck, H.F. 1790. Versuch einer Eintheilung der Fische nach den Zähnen. Magazin für das Neueste aus der Physik und Naturgeschichte Gotha 6(3): 28–38. Google Books Open access. Reference page.

Additional references

Aitchison, R.M., Ebert, D.A., Séret, B. & Weigmann, S. 2024. Review of three southwestern Indian Ocean species of Rhinobatos (Rhinopristiformes: Rhinobatidae). Endangered Species Research 53: 67–87. DOI: 10.3354/esr01286 Open access Reference page.
Ebert, D.A. & Gon, O. 2017. Rhinobatos austini n. sp., a new species of guitarfish (Rhinopristiformes: Rhinobatidae) from the Southwestern Indian Ocean. Zootaxa 4276(2): 204–214. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4276.2.3. Reference page.
Last, P.R., Séret, B. & Naylor, G.J.P. 2016. A new species of guitarfish, Rhinobatos borneensis sp. nov. with a redefinition of the family-level classification in the order Rhinopristiformes (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea). Zootaxa 4117(4): 451–475. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4117.4.1. Reference page.
Last, P.R., Séret, B. & Naylor, G.J.P. 2019. Description of Rhinobatos ranongensis sp. nov. (Rhinopristiformes: Rhinobatidae) from the Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal with a review of its northern Indian Ocean congeners. Zootaxa 4576(2): 257–287. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.2.3 Paywall Reference page.
White, W.T., Last, P.R. & Naylor, G.J.P. 2016. Rhinobatos manai sp. nov., a new species of guitarfish (Rhinopristiformes: Rhinobatidae) from New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4175(6): 588–600. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4175.6.6. Reference page.

Vernacular names
Ελληνικά: Ρινόβατος
日本語: サカタザメ属

Rhinobatos is a genus of fish in the Rhinobatidae family.[1] Although previously used to encompass all guitarfishes, it was found to be polyphyletic,[2] and recent authorities have transferred many species included in the genus to Acroteriobatus, Glaucostegus, and Pseudobatos.[3]
Species

The 20 currently recognized species in this genus are:[2][3]

Rhinobatos albomaculatus Norman, 1930 (White-spotted guitarfish)
Rhinobatos annandalei Norman, 1926 (Annandale's guitarfish)
Rhinobatos austini Ebert & Gon, 2017 (Austin’s guitarfish)
Rhinobatos borneensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2016 (Borneo guitarfish)
Rhinobatos formosensis Norman, 1926 (Taiwan guitarfish)
Rhinobatos holcorhynchus Norman, 1922 (Slender guitarfish)
Rhinobatos hynnicephalus J. Richardson, 1846 (Ringstreaked guitarfish)
Rhinobatos irvinei Norman, 1931 (Spineback guitarfish)
Rhinobatos jimbaranensis Last, W. T. White & Fahmi, 2006 (Jimbaran shovelnose ray)[4]
Rhinobatos lionotus Norman, 1926 (Smoothback guitarfish)
Rhinobatos manai W. T. White, Last & Naylor, 2016 (Papuan guitarfish)
Rhinobatos nudidorsalis Last, Compagno & Nakaya, 2004 (Bareback shovelnose ray)[5]
Rhinobatos penggali Last, W. T. White & Fahmi, 2006 (Indonesian shovelnose ray)[4]
Rhinobatos punctifer Compagno & J. E. Randall, 1987 (Spotted guitarfish)
Rhinobatos ranongensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2019 (Ranong guitarfish)
Rhinobatos rhinobatos Linnaeus, 1758 (Common guitarfish)
Rhinobatos sainsburyi Last, 2004 (Goldeneye shovelnose ray)
Rhinobatos schlegelii J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841 (Brown guitarfish)
Rhinobatos thouiniana (Shaw, 1804) (Shaw's shovelnose guitarfish)
Rhinobatos whitei Last, Corrigan & Naylor, 2014 (Philippine guitarfish)[6]

Extinct species
Fossil of Rhinobatos whitfieldi
Fossil of Rhinobatos hakelensis

Species within this genus include:[7]

†Rhinobatos bruxelliensis Jaekel 1894
†Rhinobatos casieri Herman 1975
†Rhinobatos grandis Davis 1887
†Rhinobatos hakelensis Capetta 1980
†Rhinobatos incertus Cappetta 1973
†Rhinobatos intermedius Davis 1887
†Rhinobatos latus Davis 1887
†Rhinobatos maronita Pictet and Humbert 1866
†Rhinobatos primarmatus Woodward 1889
†Rhinobatos sahnii Sahni and Mehrotra 1981
†Rhinobatos steurbauti Cappetta and Nolf 1981
†Rhinobatos tenuirostris Davis 1887
†Rhinobatos whitfieldi Hay 1903

†Rhinobatos beurleni Silva Santos 1968 moved into its own genus, Iansan.[8]
Fossil record

These fishes lived from the Tithonian age to Present (from 150 to 0 million years ago). Fossils have been found in Brazil, Europe, Africa, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, India and United States.

See also

List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera

References

Wilga, C.D.; Motta, P.J. (1998). "Feeding mechanism of the Atlantic guitarfish Rhinobatos lentiginosus: Modulation of kinematic and motor activity". Journal of Experimental Biology. 201 (23): 3167–3184. doi:10.1242/jeb.201.23.3167. PMID 9808831.
Naylor, G.J.P.; Caira, J.N.; Jensen, K.; Rosana, K.A.M.; Straube, N.; Lakner, C. (2012). "Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives". In Carrier, J.C.; Musick, J.A.; Heithaus, M.R. (eds.). Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species (2 ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 31–56.
Peter Last; William White; Marcelo de Carvalho; Bernard Séret; Matthias Stehmann; Gavin Naylor, eds. (2016). Rays of the World. CSIRO. ISBN 9780643109148.
Last, P.R.; White, W.T.; Fahmi (2006). "Rhinobatos jimbaranensis and R. penggali, two new shovelnose rays (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from eastern Indonesia". Cybium. 30 (3): 261–271.
Last, P.R.; Compagno, L.J.V.; Nakaya, K. (2004). "Rhinobatos nudidorsalis, a new species of shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Mascarene Ridge, central Indian Ocean". Ichthyological Research. 51 (2): 153–158. Bibcode:2004IchtR..51..153L. doi:10.1007/s10228-004-0211-0. S2CID 32090559.
Last, P.R.; Corrigan, S.; Naylor, G. (2014). "Rhinobatos whitei, a new shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Philippine Archipelago". Zootaxa. 3872 (1): 31–47. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3872.1.3. PMID 25544069.
Paleobiology Database
Brito, Paulo; Leal, Maria (2013-07-18). "A NEW LOWER CRETACEOUS GUITARFISH (CHONDRICHTHYES, BATOIDEA) FROM THE SANTANA FORMATION, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL". Boletim do Museu Nacional.