Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Classis: Chondrichthyes
Subclassis: Elasmobranchii
Infraclassis: Euselachii
Division/Cohort: Neoselachii
Subdivision/Subcohort: Batoidea
Superordo: Batomorphii
Ordo: Rhinopristiformes
Familia: Pristidae
Genus: Pristis
Species: P. clavata – P. microdon – P. pectinata – P. perotteti – P. pristis – P. zijsron
Name
Pristis Linck, 1790
Type species: Squalus pristis Linnaeus, 1758
References
Duffy, C.; Seeto, J.; Trnski, T. 2011: Review of records of sawfishes (Chondrichthyes: Pristidae) from Fiji, with deletion of Pristis zijsron Bleeker, 1851 and Pristis sp. from the fauna. Zootaxa, 3115: 65–67. Preview
Linck, H.F. 1790. Versuch einer Eintheilung der Fische nach den Zähnen. Magazin für das Neueste aus der Physik und Naturgeschichte Gotha 6(3): 28–38. Google Books Open access. Reference page.
Links
ION (species list)
Nomenclator Zoologicus
Vernacular names
English: Saw fish
தமிழ்: வாள்சுறா
Pristis pristis
Pristis zijsron
Pristis is a genus of sawfish of the family Pristidae. These large fish are found worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions in coastal marine waters, estuaries, and freshwater lakes and rivers.[3] Sawfish have declined drastically and all species are considered critically endangered today.[4][5]
Taxonomy
The scientific genus name Pristis is derived from the Greek word for saw.[6]
Living species
Recent authorities recognize four species:[4][5][7][8]
Pristis clavata Garman, 1906 — dwarf sawfish, Queensland sawfish
Pristis pectinata Latham, 1794 — smalltooth sawfish
Pristis pristis (Linnaeus, 1758) — largetooth sawfish, common sawfish, freshwater sawfish, Leichhardt's sawfish
Pristis zijsron Bleeker, 1851 — longcomb sawfish, green sawfish
These are divided into two species groups. Most are considered a part of the smalltooth group, except P. pristis which is the sole member of the largetooth group.[9] Two additional species, P. microdon and P. perotteti, have historically been recognized, but in 2013 it was shown that they are conspecific with P. pristis as morphological and genetic differences are lacking,[9] leading recent authorities to treat them as synonyms.[5][7][8][10][11][12] Anoxypristis cuspidata was formerly included in Pristis, but it has a number of distinctive features (for example, no teeth on the basal quarter of the saw) and recent authorities place it in its own genus.[3][5][7]
Extinct species
According to Fossilworks, extinct Pristis species only known from fossil remains include:[13]
Pristis acutidens Agassiz 1843
Pristis amblodon Cope 1869
Pristis aquitanicus Delfortrie 1871
Pristis atlanticus Zbyszewski 1947
Pristis bisulcatus Agassiz 1843
Pristis brachyodon Cope 1869
Pristis brayi Casier 1949
Pristis caheni Dartevelle and Casier 1959
Pristis contortus Dixon 1850
Pristis curvidens Leidy 1855
Pristis dubius Münster 1846
Pristis ensidens Leidy 1855
Pristis fajumensis Stromer 1905
Pristis hastingsiae Agassiz 1843
Pristis lanceolatus Jonet 1968
Pristis lathami Galeotti 1837
Pristis olbrechtsi Dartevelle and Casier 1959
Pristis pectinatus Latham 1794
Pristis pickeringi Case 1981
Pristis prosulcatus Stromer 1905
Fossil rostal teeth of Pristis lathami from Khouribga (Morocco.)
However, among this list are some species considered invalid by recent authorities and others now generally recognized as belonging in Anoxypristis.[1][14][15] Fossil Pristis range from the Late Paleocene to the Quaternary period.[1][2] Fossils have been found all over the world.[13]
References
Wueringer, B.E.; L. Squire Jr.; S.P. Collin (2009). "The biology of extinct and extant sawfish (Batoidea: Sclerorhynchidae and Pristidae)". Rev Fish Biol Fisheries. 19 (4): 445–464. doi:10.1007/s11160-009-9112-7. S2CID 3352391.
Cicimurri, D.J. (2009). "A Partial Rostrum of the Sawfish Pristis lathami Galeotti, 1837, from the Eocene of South Carolina". Journal of Paleontology. 81 (3): 597–601. doi:10.1666/05086.1. S2CID 130683481.
Peter R. Last; William T. White; Marcelo R. de Carvalho; Bernard Séret; Matthias F. W. Stehmann; Gavin J. P. Naylor, eds. (2016). Rays of the World. CSIRO. pp. 59–66. ISBN 978-0-643-10914-8.
"Pristis". International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species. 14 November 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
Nicholas K. Dulvy; Lindsay N. K. Davidson; Peter M. Kyne; Colin A. Simpfendorfer; Lucy R. Harrison; John K. Carlson; Sonja V. Fordham (2014). "Ghosts of the coast: global extinction risk and conservation of sawfishes" (PDF). Aquatic Conserv: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 26 (1): 134–153. doi:10.1002/aqc.2525.
Sullivan, T.; C. Elenberger (April 2012). "Largetooth Sawfish". University of Florida. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
Eschmeyer, W.N.; R. Fricke; R. van der Laan (1 November 2017). "Catalog of Fishes". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
Last, P.R.; De Carvalho, M.R.; Corrigan, S.; Naylor, G.J.P.; Séret, B.; Yang, L. (2016). "The Rays of the World project - an explanation of nomenclatural decisions". In Last, P.R.; Yearsley, G.R. (eds.). Rays of the World: Supplementary Information. CSIRO Special Publication. pp. 1–10. ISBN 978-1-4863-0801-9.
Faria, V. V.; McDavitt, M. T.; Charvet, P.; Wiley, T. R.; Simpfendorfer, C. A.; Naylor, G. J. P. (2013). Species delineation and global population structure of Critically Endangered sawfishes (Pristidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 167: 136–164. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00872.x.
Espinoza, M.; Bonfil-Sanders, R.; Carlson, J.; Charvet, P.; Chevis, M.; Dulvy, N.K.; Everett, B.; Faria, V.; Ferretti, F.; Fordham, S.; Grant, M.I.; Haque, A.B.; Harry, A.V.; Jabado, R.W.; Jones, G.C.A.; Kelez, S.; Lear, K.O.; Morgan, D.L.; Phillips, N.M.; Wueringer, B.E. (2022). "Pristis pristis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T18584848A58336780. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T18584848A58336780.en. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
"Pristis pristis — Freshwater Sawfish, Largetooth Sawfish, River Sawfish, Leichhardt's Sawfish, Northern Sawfish". Department of the Environment and Energy. 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
Pollerspöck, J.; N. Straube. "Pristis pristis". shark-references.com. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
Fossilworks
Martien J P. Van Oijen; Vicente Faria; Matthew T. McDavitt (2007). "The curious holotype of Pristis dubius Bleeker, 1852 and the unravelling of Bleeker's sawfish taxonomy". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 14: 37–49.
"Introduction". Fossil Sawfish. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
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