Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Ordo: Scorpaeniformes
Subordo: Scorpaenoidei
Familia: Scorpaenidae
Subfamilia: Scorpaeninae
Genus: Phenacoscorpius
Species: P. adenensis – P. eschmeyeri – P. longilineatus – P. longirostris – P. mccoskeri – P. megalops – P. nebris – ?P. nebulosus
Name
Phenacoscorpius Fowler, 1938
References
Fowler, H. W. 1938. The fishes of the George Vanderbilt South Pacific Expedition, 1937. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 2: i–v + 1–349, Pls. 1–12. Reference page.
Motomura, H. 2008: Scorpaenopsis stigma Fowler, 1938, a junior synonym of Phenacoscorpius megalops Fowler, 1938, with comments on the type series of P. megalops (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae). Zoological studies, 47: 774–780. PDF
Motomura, H.; Last, P.R. 2009: Phenacoscorpius longirostris, a new species of deep water scorpionfish (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) from the northern Tasman Sea, southwestern Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa, 2290: 27–35. Abstract & excerpt
Wibowo, K. & Motomura, H. 2017. A new species of the deepwater scorpionfish genus Phenacoscorpius (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae) from the Galápagos Islands. Zootaxa 4323(2): 261–268. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4323.2.9. Reference page.
Links
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Nomenclator Zoologicus
Phenacoscorpius, the no-lined scorpionfishes, is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes. They are native to the western Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans.
Taxonomy
Phenacoscorpius was first described as a genus in 1938 by the American ichthyologist Henry Weed Fowler when he described Phenacoscorpius megalops from the Philippines which he designated as the type species of the new monotypic genus.[1][2] The genus name is a compound of phenaco, which means “cheat”, an allusion to the incomplete lateral line of P. megalops, and scorpius, meaning “scorpion”, as this is a scorpionfish.[3]
Species
Phenacoscorpius contains, as of January 2022, seven recognized species:[4][5]
Phenacoscorpius adenensis Norman, 1939
Phenacoscorpius eschmeyeri Parin & Mandritsa, 1992 [6]
Phenacoscorpius longilineatus Motomura, Causse & Struthers, 2012 [5]
Phenacoscorpius longirostris Motomura & Last, 2009 (Longsnout No-line Scorpionfish)
Phenacoscorpius mccoskeri Wibowo & Motomura, 2017 (McCosker’s no-line scorpionfish)
Phenacoscorpius megalops Fowler, 1938 (Noline scorpionfish)
Phenacoscorpius nebris Eschmeyer, 1965 (Short-tube scorpionfish)
Characteristics
Phenacoscorpius scorpionfishes have very bony heads armed with strong spines and without an occipital pit on the top of the head behind the eyes. The suborbital ridge has 5-6 spines. There are teeth on the sides of the roof of the mouth but none in the front. The uppermost preopercular spine is the largest. There are 12 spines and 9 soft rays in the dorsal fin and 3 spines and 5 soft rays in the anal fin. The pectoral fins have 15-17 rays with the upper rays being branched, the central rays being the longest and the lower rays having their tips exposed. The lateral line is incomplete being made up of only 4-5 pored scales at the front.[7] These scorpionfishes vary in size from a standard length of 6.3 cm (2.5 in) in P. longirostris and a total length of 13.5 cm (5.3 in) in P. megalops.[4]
Distribution and habitat
Phenacoscorpius scorpionfishes have an almost circumtropical distribution and are mainly found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with one species in the western Atlantic Ocean, although they are not found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean.These are deepwater fishes typically found deeper then 500 m (1,600 ft).[4]
References
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Scorpaenidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Phenacoscorpius". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (2 October 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 9): Suborder Scorpaenoidei: Family Scorpaenidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2021). Species of Phenacoscorpius in FishBase. August 2021 version.
Motomura, H.; Causse, R. & Struthers, C.D. (2012). "Phenacoscorpius longilineatus, a New Species of Deepwater Scorpionfish from the Southwestern Pacific Ocean and the First Records of Phenacoscorpius adenensis from the Pacific Ocean (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae)". Species Diversity. 17 (2): 151–160.
Motomura, H.; Kanehira, N. & Imamura, H. (2012). "Redescription of a Poorly Known Southeastern Pacific Scorpionfish (Scorpaenidae), Phenacoscorpius eschmeyeri Parin and Mandrytsa". Species Diversity. 17 (2): 145–150.
"Genus: Phenacoscorpius, Scorpionfishes". Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean online information system. Smithsonian Tropical research Institute. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
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