Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Siluriformes
Familia: Loricariidae
Subfamilia: Neoplecostominae
Genus: Pareiorhina
Species: P. brachyrhyncha – P. cepta – P. carrancas – P. hyptiorhachis – P. pelicicei – P. rosai – P. rudolphi
Name
Pareiorhina Gosline, 1947
Type species: Rhinelepis rudolphi Miranda Ribeiro, 1911
References
Azevedo-Santos, V.M. & Roxo, F.F. 2015. A new species of the genus Pareiorhina (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 3937(2): 377–385. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3937.2.8 Reference page.
Gosline, W. A.; 1947: Contributions to the classification of the loricariid catfishes. Arquivos do Museu Nacional de Rio de Janeiro, 41: 79–134, Pls. 1-9.
Silva, G.S.C., Roxo, F.F. & Oyakawa, O.T. 2016. Description of a new species of Pareiorhina (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil. Zootaxa 4107(3): 381–391. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4107.3.6. Reference page.
Links
Pareiorhina and its species (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Pareiorhina is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America where they are only found in Brazil. These species are known to occur at altitudes above 650 metres (2100 ft) in various rivers of the Grande, Paraíba do Sul, São Francisco and Tietê River basins.[1] This genus was first erected by Gosline in 1947 as a monotypic genus to include Rhinelepis rudolphi. It was not until 2003 that a second species, P. carrancas, was described.[2] The third species, P. brachyrhyncha was described in 2005.[1] Pareiorhina forms a monophyletic subunit with Neoplecostomus within the subfamily Neoplecostominae.[1]
Species
There are currently 7 recognized species in this genus:
Pareiorhina brachyrhyncha Chamon, Aranda & Buckup, 2005
Pareiorhina carrancas Bockmann & A. C. Ribeiro, 2003
Pareiorhina cepta Roxo, G. S. C. Silva, Mehanna & C. de Oliveira, 2012 [3]
Pareiorhina hyptiorhachis G. S. C. Silva, Roxo & C. de Oliveira, 2013 [4]
Pareiorhina pelicicei Azevedo-Santos & Roxo, 2015 [5]
Pareiorhina rosai G. S. C. Silva, Roxo & Oyakawa, 2016 [6]
Pareiorhina rudolphi (A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1911)
Description
Underside of a specimen of Pareiorhina hyptiorhachis.
Pareiorhina species all have lateral borders of the head without developed bristles, a naked abdomen, dorsal plates meeting along the mid-dorsal line between the dorsal and caudal fins, no adipose fin, ventral plates covering the midventral line, and the dorsal portion of body behind dorsal fin flatenned (flat caudal peduncle with a rectangular cross section).[1] In P. carrancas and P. rudolphi, the teeth are simple, while in P. brachyrhyncha, the teeth have a minute lateral cusp at the base of the main cusp.[1] P. brachyrhyncha and P. carrancas are unique in lacking an adipose fin and azygous plates; in loricariids without an adipose fin, it is usually replaced by a series of azygous plates that form a ridge. However, these two species lack both the fin and the ridge.[1] These species range from about 4.1–4.5 centimetres (1.6–1.8 in) in length.
References
Chamon, C.C.; Aranda, A.T. & Buckup, P.A. (2005). "Pareiorhina brachyrhyncha (Loricariidae: Siluriformes): A New Species of Fish from the Paraíba do Sul Slope of Serra da Mantiqueira, Southeastern Brazil". Copeia. 2005 (3): 550–558. doi:10.1643/ci-04-276r. S2CID 84787580.
Bockmann, F.A. & Ribeiro, A.C. (2003). "Description of a new suckermouth armored catfish of the genus Pareiorhina (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), from southeastern Brazil". Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters. 14 (3): 231–242.
Roxo, F.F.; Silva, G.d.S.d.C.e.; Mehanna, M. & Oliveira, C. (2012). "Description of a new species of Pareiorhina (Siluriformes: Neoplecostominae) from Rio São Francisco basin" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3512: 64–74. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3512.1.4. hdl:11449/18594.
Silva, G.S.C.; Roxo, F.F. & Oliveira, C. (2013). "Pareiorhina hyptiorhachis, a new catfish species from Rio Paraíba do Sul basin, southeastern Brazil (Siluriformes, Loricariidae)". ZooKeys (303): 65–76. doi:10.3897/zookeys.303.4873. PMC 3689069. PMID 23794904.
Azevedo-Santos, V.M. & Roxo, F.F. (2015). "A new species of the genus Pareiorhina (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, southeastern Brazil". Zootaxa. 3937 (2): 377–385. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3937.2.8. PMID 25947476.
Silva, G.S.C., Roxo, F.F. & Oyakawa, O.T. (2016): Description of a new species of Pareiorhina (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4107 (3): 381-391.
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