Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordines: Atherinomorphae - Blenniimorphae - Cichlomorphae - Mugilomorphae
Familiae (incertae sedis): Ambassidae - Congrogadidae - Embiotocidae - Grammatidae - Opistognathidae - Plesiopidae - Polycentridae - Pomacentridae - Pseudochromidae
Cladus: Atherinomorpha (Atheriniformes, Beloniformes, Cyprinodontiformes)
Traditional Ordines and Subordines: Atheriniformes - Beloniformes - Blennioidei - Cyprinodontiformes - Gobiesocoidei - Mugiliformes [+ various percomorph families, see list below]
[source: Wainwright et al., 2012: 1027, plus taxa implied by their inclusion of the contained families: Gobiesocoidei, Mugiliformes]
Overview of families (40)
Adrianichthyidae - Ambassidae - Anablepidae - Aplocheilidae - Atherinidae - Atherinopsidae - Bedotiidae - Belonidae - Blenniidae - Chaenopsidae - Cichlidae - Clinidae - Cyprinodontidae - Dactyloscopidae - Embiotocidae - Exocoetidae - Fundulidae - Gobiesocidae - Goodeidae - Grammatidae - Hemiramphidae - Isonidae - Labrisomidae - Melanotaeniidae - Mugilidae - Nothobranchiidae - Opistognathidae - Phallostethidae - Pholidichthyidae - Plesiopidae - Poeciliidae - Polycentridae - Pomacentridae - Profundulidae - Pseudochromidae - Pseudomugilidae - Rivulidae - Tripterygiidae - Valenciidae - Zenarchopteridae
Name
Ovalentaria Smith & Near, in Wainwright et al., 2012: 1027
References
Primary references
Wainwright, P.C., Smith, W.L., Price, S.A., Tang, K.L., Ferry, L.A., Sparks, J.S. & Near, T.J. 2012. The evolution of pharyngognathy: a phylogenetic and functional appraisal of the pharyngeal jaw key innovation in labroid fishes and beyond. Systematic biology 61(6): 1001–1027. (PDF) DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/sys060 Reference page.
Additional references
Betancur-R., R., Broughton, R.E., Wiley, E.O., Carpenter, K., López, J.A., Li, C., Holcroft, N.I., Arcila, D., Sanciangco, M., Cureton II, J.C., Zhang, F., Buser, T., Campbell, M.A., Ballesteros, J.A., Roa-Varon, A., Willis, S., Borden, W.C., Rowley, T., Reneau, P.C., Hough, D.J., Lu, G., Grande, T., Arratia, G. & Ortí, G. 2013. The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes. PLOS Currents Tree of Life 2013 Apr 18: 1–45, downloadable Appendix 2 (new classification): 1–21, and downloadable Figure S1 (complete cladogram with annotated classification). DOI: 10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288 [nonfunctional] Broken access. PDF.. Reference page.
Near, T.J., Eytan, R.I., Dornburg, A., Kuhn, K.L., Moore, J.A., Davis, M.P., Wainwright, P.C., Friedman, M., & Smith, W.L. 2012: Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109 (34): 13698–13703. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1206625109
Betancur-R, R., Wiley, E., Bailly, N., Miya, M., Lecointre, G. & Ortí, G. 2014. Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes Version 3. HTML Reference page.
Betancur-R., R., Wiley, E.O., Arratia, G., Acero P., A., Bailly, N., Miya, M., Lecointre, G. & Ortí, G. 2017. Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 17(1): 162. DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3 Open access. Reference page.
Ovalentaria is a clade of ray-finned fishes within the Percomorpha, referred to as a subseries. It is made up of a group of fish families which are referred to in Fishes of the World's fifth edition as incertae sedis, as well as the orders Mugiliformes, Cichliformes, and Blenniiformes. It was named by W. L. Smith and T. J. Near in Wainwright et al. (2012) based on a molecular phylogeny, but the authors suggested that the group was united by the presence of demersal eggs that are attached to a substrate. Some authors have used the ordinal name Stiassnyiformes for a clade including Mugiloidei, Plesiopidae, Blenniiformes, Atherinomorpha, and Cichlidae, and this grouping does appear to be monophyletic.[2]
male Egyptian mouthbrooder (a cichlid)
Guppies
Classification
In the 5th edition of Fishes of the World, the Ovalentaria are classified as:[2]
incertae sedis
Family Ambassidae (Asian glassfishes)
Family Embiotocidae (surfperches)
Family Grammatidae (basslets)
Family Plesiopidae (roundheads)
Family Polycentridae (South American leaffishes)
Family Pomacentridae (damselfishes)
Family Pseudochromidae (dottybacks)
Family Opistognathidae (jawfishes)
Order Mugiliformes
Family Mugilidae (mullets)
Order Cichliformes
Family Cichlidae (cichilds)
Family Pholidichthyidae (convict blenny)
Order Blenniiformes
Family Tripterygiidae (triplefin blennies)
Family Dactyloscopidae (sand stargazers)
Family Blenniidae (combtooth blennies)
Family Clinidae (kelp blennies)
Family Labrisomidae (labrisomid blennies)
Family Chaenopsidae (tube blennies)
Order Gobiesociformes
Family Gobiesocidae (clingfishes)
Infraseries Atherinomorpha
Order Atheriniformes
Suborder Atherinopsoidei
Family Atherinopsidae (New World silversides)
Family Notocheiridae (surf silversides)
Suborder Atherinoidei
Family Isonidae (surf sardines)
Family Melanotaeniidae (rainbowfishes and blue eyes)
Family Atherionidae (pricklenose silversides)
Family Dentatherinidae (Mercer's tusked silverside)
Family Phallostethidae (priapiumfishes)
Family Atherinidae (Old World silversides)
Order Beloniformes
Suborder Adrianichthyoidei
Family Adrianichthyidae
Suborder Exocoetoidei
Superfamily Exocoetoidea
Family Exocoetidae (flying fishes)
Family Hemiramphidae (Halfbeaks)
Family Zenarchopteridae (viviparous halfbeaks)
Superfamily Scomberesocoidea
Family Belonidae (needlefishes)
Family Scomberesocidae (sauries)
Order Cyprinodontiformes
Suborder Aplocheiloidei
Family Aplocheilidae (Asian rivulines)
Family Nothobranchiidae (African rivulines)
Family Rivulidae (New World rivulines)
Suborder Cyprinodontoidei
Superfamily Funduloidea
Family Profundulidae (Middle American killifishes)
Family Goodeidae
Family Fundulidae (topminnows)
Superfamily Valencioidea
Family Valenciidae (Valencia toothcarps)
Superfamily Cyprinodontoidea
Family Cyprinodontidae (pupfishes)
Superfamily Poecilioidea
Family Anablepidae (four-eyed fish)
Family Poecilidae (livebearers)
The sister clades to the Ovalentaria is the group of taxa called the Carangimorpharia or Carangaria, which includes the flatfishes, billfishes, and jacks among others.[2][3]
References
Cantalice, Kleyton Magno; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Bellwood, David Roy (2020-03-01). "†Chaychanus gonzalezorum gen. et sp. nov.: A damselfish fossil (Percomorphaceae; Pomacentridae), from the Early Paleocene outcrop of Chiapas, Southeastern Mexico". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 98: 102322. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2019.102322. ISSN 0895-9811.
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 752. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
Ricardo Betancur-R; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; et al. (2017). "Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (1): 1. Bibcode:2017BMCEE..17..162B. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3. PMC 5501477. PMID 28683774.
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