Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohort: Osteoglossocephala
Cohort/Superordo: Osteoglossomorpha
Ordo: Osteoglossiformes
Familia: Osteoglossidae
Genus: Osteoglossum
Species: O. bicirrhosum – O. ferreirai
Name
Osteoglossum Cuvier, 1829
Synonyms
Ischnosoma Agassiz in Spix and Agassiz, 1829
References
van Oijen, M.J.P.; Meij, S.E.T. van der 2013: The types of Osteoglossum formosum Müller & Schlegel, 1840 (Teleostei, Osteoglossidae). Zootaxa 3722(3): 361–371. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3722.3.5 Reference page.
Links
Osteoglossum – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Osteoglossum is a genus of fish in the family Osteoglossidae. They reach about 1 m (3.3 ft) in length and are restricted to freshwater habitats in tropical South America.[1][2]
These predators mostly feed on arthropods like insects and spiders, but may also take small vertebrates such as other fish, frogs, lizards, snakes, mice, bats and small birds.[3][4] They jump up to 2 m (6.6 ft) out of the water to pick the prey off branches, tree trunks or foliage, which has earned them the local name "water monkeys".[3] They are the largest fish in the world that catch most of their food out of water.[3] When breeding, the male protects the eggs and young by carrying them in the mouth.[1][5]
They are sometimes kept in aquariums, but they are predatory and require a very large tank.[5]
Species
There are two species:[2]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Osteoglossum bicirrhosum Cuvier (ex Vandelli), 1829 | Silver arowana | Amazon, Essequibo and Oyapock basins |
 |
Osteoglossum ferreirai Kanazawa, 1966 | Black arowana | Rio Negro basin, including the Branco River |
References
Olivares; Hrbek; Escobar; Caballero (2013). "Population structure of the black arowana (Osteoglossum ferreirai) in Brazil and Colombia: implications for its management". Conserv. Genet. 14 (3): 695–703. Bibcode:2013ConG...14..695O. doi:10.1007/s10592-013-0463-1. S2CID 16841836.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Osteoglossum in FishBase. February 2017 version.
Carvalho, L.N.; J. Zuanon; I. Sazima (2007). "Natural history of Amazon fishes". In Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (ed.). Tropical Biology and Natural Resources Theme. Vol. 1. Eolss Publishers, Oxford. pp. 1–24.
Julia Tovar Verba; Manoela Lima de Oliveira Borges; Maria Nazareth Ferreira da Silva; Lorena Costa Pinto; José Gurgel Rabello Neto (2018). "Mice on menu: opportunistic feeding behaviour of the Amazonian silver arowana Osteoglossum bicirrhosum". Journal of Fish Biology. 93 (1): 132–133. Bibcode:2018JFBio..93..132V. doi:10.1111/jfb.13665. PMID 29934944. S2CID 49378286.
Hill, N. (13 June 2016). "Predators: South American Arowana". Practical Fishkeeping. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
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