Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Cichlomorphae
Ordo: Cichliformes
Familia: Cichlidae
Subfamilia: Cichlasomatinae
Genus: Nosferatu
Species (7): N. bartoni – N. labridens – N. molango – N. pame – N. pantostictus – N. pratinus – N. steindachneri
Name
Nosferatu De la Maza-Benignos et al., 2015
Type species: Herichthys pame De la Maza-Benignos & De Lourdes Lozano-Vilano, 2013
ZooBank: 556F562F-9D63-4331-9B00-F890E2EF7E38
References
De la Maza-Benignos, M., Ornelas-García, C.P., de Lourdes Lozano-Vilano, M., García-Ramírez, M.E., & Doadrio, I. 2014. Phylogeographic analysis of genus Herichthys (Perciformes: Cichlidae), with descriptions of Nosferatu new genus and H. tepehua n. sp. Hydrobiologia 748(1): 201–231.DOI: 10.1007/s10750-014-1891-8 Reference page.
Mejía, O., Pérez-Miranda, F., León-Romero, Y., Soto-Galera, E. & de Luna, E. 2015. Morphometric variation of the Herichthys bartoni (Bean, 1892) species group (Teleostei: Cichlidae): How many species comprise H. labridens (Pellegrin, 1903)? Neotropical Ichthyology 13(1): 61–76. DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20140067Reference page.
Nosferatu is a proposed genus of cichlid fishes endemic to the Río Pánuco Basin and the tributaries of the adjacent Tamiahua Lagoon (to the South) and San Andrés Lagoon (to the North)[1] in the states of Veracruz, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas and Querétaro,[2] Mexico. The genus is characterized by a prolongation in the size of the symphysial pair of teeth relative to that of the other teeth in the outer row of the upper jaw (nosferatuform teeth); breeding pigmentation that consists of darkening of ventral area extending over nostrils, opercular series, and pectoral fins; depressed dorsal fin rarely expands beyond anterior third of caudal fin; and an elongated, elastic, smooth caecum adhered to a saccular stomach.[1]
All species in Nosferatu had previously belonged to genus Herichthys.[1][3][4][5][6]
Species
There were 7 species proposed for this genus:[1]
Nosferatu bartoni (T. H. Bean, 1892) (Barton's cichlid)
Nosferatu labridens (Pellegrin, 1903) (Curve-bar cichlid)
Nosferatu molango (De la Maza-Benignos & Lozano-Vilano, 2013) (Aztec cichlid) [4]
Nosferatu pame (De la Maza-Benignos & Lozano-Vilano, 2013) [4]
Nosferatu pantostictus (J. N. Taylor & R. R. Miller, 1983) (Chairel cichlid)
Nosferatu pratinus (De la Maza-Benignos & Lozano-Vilano, 2013) [4][7]
Nosferatu steindachneri (D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1899) (Steindachner's cichlid)
These species are currently placed in genus Herichthys.[8]
Phylogenetics
Separate analysis of the mitochondrial gene Cox1 by León-Romero et al. and by De la Maza-Benignos, et al. confirmed the monophyly of the genus group, and revealed the existence of three clades within:[1][9] The paraphyletic[1] bartoni clade, conformed by sympatric N. labridens and N. bartoni; the paraphyletic[1] (in their study León-Romero et al. did not consider N. pame nor included N. pratinus and consequently report monophyly) steindachneri clade, conformed of the allopatric N. pratinus, and sympatric N. pame and N. steindachneri; and the monophyletic pantostictus clade (in the study by León-Romero et al. some of the lineages of N. pantostictus are misidentified as N. labridens; consequently they report polyphyly) composed of the nominal species N. pantostictus.[10] In comparison to Herichthys, high levels of intrageneric divergence and structure within Nosferatu were revealed.
Evolution
Divergence time for the split between Herichthys and Nosferatu has been estimated in ~5 Mya. During these times (i.e. Miocene-Pliocene), intense regional vulcanism led to the formation of the graben structure that conforms the sedimentary Rio Verde Basin;[11] and the drain-less depression was filled by a number of endorheic shallow lakes, where Nosferatu evolved into the bartoni (~3 Mya), steindacheri (~2 Mya) and pantostictus (~2 Mya) clades. Later on (~1.8 Mya), as regional faulting rejoined the Rio Verde with the Pánuco Basin during the course of the Pleistocene, the genus re-invaded the Pánuco, this time with the evolved mechanisms of reproductive isolation that allows its sympatry with Herichthys.[1]
Name
The name of this genus, Nosferatu, was given because of the pair of well-developed recurved fangs in the upper jaw present possessed by all species of the genus; these were said to be reminiscent of those of Count Orlok in F. W. Murnau's Nosferatu.[12]
References
de la Maza-Benignos, Mauricio; Ornelas-García, Claudia Patricia; Lozano-Vilano, María de Lourdes; García-Ramírez, María Elena; Doadrio, Ignacio (April 2015). "Phylogeographic analysis of genus Herichthys (Perciformes: Cichlidae), with descriptions of Nosferatu new genus and H. tepehua n. sp". Hydrobiologia. 748 (1): 201–231. doi:10.1007/s10750-014-1891-8. hdl:10261/126238. S2CID 16769534.
Soto-Galera, E.; Alcántara-Soria, L.; Paulo-Maya, J. (2011). Estado actual de la ictiofauna dulceacuícola de la provincia del complejo Tamesí-Pánuco (PDF) (Report). Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas. Informe Final SNIB-CONABIO Proyecto No. FM027. México, D.F.
Reis, Roberto E.; Kullander, Sven O.; Ferraris, Carl J., eds. (2003). "Herichthys". Check List of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. EDIPUCRS. pp. 635–636. ISBN 978-85-7430-361-1.
de la Maza-Benignos, Mauricio; Lozano-Vilano, Ma De Lourdes (6 November 2013). "Description of three new species of the genus Herichthys (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from eastern Mexico, with redescription of H. labridens, H. steindachneri, and H. pantostictus". Zootaxa. 3734 (2): 101–129. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3734.2.1. PMID 25277902. S2CID 32123445.
Paepke, Hans-joachim; Morgenstern, Rico; Schindler, Ingo (16 May 2014). "Cichlid fishes (Teleostei, Cichlidae) collected by Ferdinand Deppe in Mexico". Vertebrate Zoology. 64 (1): 43–57. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.692.5948. doi:10.3897/vz.64.e31462.
Oldfield, Ronald G.; Mandrekar, Kapil; Nieves, M. Xavier; Hendrickson, Dean A.; Chakrabarty, Prosanta; Swanson, Brook O.; Hofmann, Hans A. (April 2015). "Parental care in the Cuatro Ciénegas cichlid, Herichthys minckleyi (Teleostei: Cichlidae)". Hydrobiologia. 748 (1): 233–257. doi:10.1007/s10750-014-2081-4. S2CID 17487888.
Ratnasingham, Sujeevan; Hebert, Paul D. N. (24 January 2007). "bold: The Barcode of Life Data System (http://www.barcodinglife.org)". Molecular Ecology Notes. 7 (3): 355–364. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x. PMC 1890991. PMID 18784790.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Nosferatu". FishBase. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
León-Romero, Yatzil; Mejía, Omar; Soto-Galera, Eduardo (November 2012). "DNA barcoding reveals taxonomic conflicts in the Herichthys bartoni species group (Pisces: Cichlidae)". Molecular Ecology Resources. 12 (6): 1021–1026. doi:10.1111/1755-0998.12018. PMID 23006448. S2CID 26372288.
de la Maza-Benignos, Mauricio; Lozano-Vilano, Ma de Lourdes; García-Ramírez, María Elena; de la Maza-Benignos, Mauricio; Lozano-Vilano, Ma de Lourdes; García-Ramírez, María Elena (December 2015). "Response paper: Morphometric article by Mejía et al. 2015 alluding genera Herichthys and Nosferatu displays serious inconsistencies". Neotropical Ichthyology. 13 (4): 673–676. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20150066.
Planer-Friedrich, Britta (2000). "Hydrogeological and hydrochemical investigations in the Rioverde basin, Mexico". Freiberg Online Geoscience. doi:10.23689/fidgeo-871.
"Name of the Week 2015". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. 7 January 2015.
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