Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ophidiaria
Ordo: Ophidiiformes
Familia: Ophidiidae
Subfamilia: Neobythitinae
Genus: Monomitopus
Species: M. agassizii – M. americanus – M. conjugator – M. garmani – M. kumae – M. longiceps – M. magnus – M. malispinosus – M. metriostoma – M. microlepis – M. nigripinnis – M. pallidus – M. torvus – M. vitiazi
Name
Monomitopus Alcock, 1890
Monomitopus agassizii
Monomitopus is a genus of cusk-eels.[2][1] They are oviparous.[3]
Life cycle
Analysis of stable oxygen isotope composition of otoliths has shown that Monomitopus pallidus and Monomitopus kumae undergo an ontogenetic habitat shift, spending their early life pelagically in shallower waters, before descending to the deep-sea floor where they stay for rest of their lives.[3] The larvae of these species have been reported to coil tightly and drift in the pelagic until settlement.[4] A subset of species have been found to have a bilaterally paired hole or fenestra in the skull.[5]
Species
There are currently 14 recognized species in this genus:
Monomitopus ainonaka M. Girard, Carter & Johnson, 2023[4]
Monomitopus agassizii (Goode & T. H. Bean, 1896)
Monomitopus conjugator (Alcock, 1896)
Monomitopus garmani (H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1913)
Monomitopus kumae D. S. Jordan & C. L. Hubbs, 1925
Monomitopus longiceps H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1913
Monomitopus magnus H. J. Carter & Cohen, 1985
Monomitopus malispinosus (Garman, 1899)
Monomitopus metriostoma (Vaillant, 1888)
Monomitopus microlepis H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1913
Monomitopus nigripinnis (Alcock, 1889)
Monomitopus pallidus H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1913
Monomitopus torvus Garman, 1899
Monomitopus vitiazi (J. G. Nielsen, 1971) (Spearcheek cusk)
Once considered a member of the genus, Selachophidium americanum J. G. Nielsen, 1971 was recently reclassified.[5]
References
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Monomitopus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
Nelson, J. S. (2006). Fishes of the World (4 ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. p. 246. ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9.
Chang, N. N.; Liu, E. Y.; Liao, Y. C.; Shiao, J. C. (2015). "Vertical habitat shift of viviparous and oviparous deep-sea cusk eels revealed by otolith microstructure and stable-isotope composition". Journal of Fish Biology. 86 (2): 845–853. doi:10.1111/jfb.12605. PMID 25613184.
Girard, Matthew G.; Carter, H. Jacque; Johnson, G. David (2023-08-15). "New species of Monomitopus (Ophidiidae) from Hawaiʻi, with the description of a larval coiling behavior". Zootaxa. 5330 (2): 265–279. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5330.2.5. ISSN 1175-5334.
Girard, Matthew G.; Johnson, G. David (August 2024). "Novel neurocranial fenestrae and expansions in Monomitopus and Selachophidium (Teleostei: Ophidiidae), with comments on the morphology, taxonomy, and evolution of the genera". Journal of Morphology. 285 (8). doi:10.1002/jmor.21753. ISSN 0362-2525.
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