Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors/Superordo: Protacanthopterygii
Ordo: Argentiniformes
Subordo: Argentinoidei
Familia: Opisthoproctidae
Genus: Monacoa
Species: M. grimaldii – M. griseus – M. niger
Name
Monacoa Whitley, 1943
Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Grimaldia Chapman (1942), preoccupied by Grimaldia Chevreux (1889) in Crustacea.
Type species: Opisthoproctus grimaldii Zugmayer, 1911
Synonyms
Grimaldia Chapman, 1942
References
Poulsen, J.Y., Sado, T., Hahn, C., Byrkjedal, I., Moku, M. & Miya, M. 2016. Preservation Obscures Pelagic Deep-Sea Fish Diversity: Doubling the Number of Sole-Bearing Opisthoproctids and Resurrection of the Genus Monacoa (Opisthoproctidae, Argentiniformes). PLoS ONE 11(8): e0159762. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159762 Reference page.
Whitley, G.P. 1943: Ichthyological notes and illustrations (Part 2.) Australian zoologist 10(2): 167-187. BHL Reference page.
Zugmayer, E. 1911. Diagnoses de poissons nouveaux provenant des campagnes du yacht "Princesse-Alice" (1901 à 1910). Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) 193: 1–14. PDFReference page.
Monacoa is a genus of fish in the family Opisthoproctidae[1] found in Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.[2] They are also known as long-nosed mirrorbellies[2] or simply mirrorbellies, in reference to the bioluminescent organ in their intestines.[3] The largest species, Monacoa grimaldii, can grow to 8 cm (3.1 in) standard length.[4]
Species
There are currently 3 recognized species in this genus:[4]
Monacoa grimaldii (Zugmayer, 1911) (mirrorbelly)
Monacoa griseus J. Y. Poulsen, Sado, C. Hahn, Byrkjedal, Moku & Miya, 2016 (grey mirrorbelly)[2]
Monacoa niger J. Y. Poulsen, Sado, C. Hahn, Byrkjedal, Moku & Miya, 2016 (black mirrorbelly)[2]
Until 2016, it was believed there was a single species of Monacoa, but in 2016 it was determined that there are actually 3 distinct species. The M. griseus and M. niger are distinct from the M. grimaldii because of their differences in pigmentation. An examination of their complete mitochondrial genomes further suggests the species are distinct.[2]
References
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Monacoa". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 10 June 2022.
Poulsen, Jan Yde; Sado, Tetsuya; Hahn, Christoph; Byrkjedal, Ingvar; Moku, Masatoshi & Miya, Masaki (2016). "Preservation obscures pelagic deep-sea fish diversity: doubling the number of sole-bearing opisthoproctids and resurrection of the genus Monacoa (Opisthoproctidae, Argentiniformes)". PLOS ONE. 11 (8): e0159762. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0159762. PMC 4980007. PMID 27508419.
Robin Meadows (August 10, 2016). "Two new species of deep-sea fish may communicate with light shining from their bellies]". PLOS RESEARCH NEWS. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Monacoa". FishBase. February 2022 version.
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