Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Paracanthopterygii
Series: Zeiogadaria
Subseries: Gadariae
Ordo: Gadiformes
Familia: Macrouridae
Subfamiliae: Bathygadinae - Macrourinae - Macrouroidinae - Trachyrincinae
Overview of genera
Hymenogadus – ...
Name
Macrouridae C. H. Gilbert & C. L. Hubbs, 1916
Synonyms
Macrouroididae Smith & Radcliffe, 1912
Coryphaenoididae Gilbert & Hubbs, 1916
References
Nelson, J.S. 2006. Fishes of the World, fourth edition. John Wiley, Hoboken, 624 pp. ISBN 0-471-25031-7. ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9. Reference page.
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto & N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Rome. 10 (125). PDF
Vernacular names
polski: buławikowate
Macrouridae is a family of deep sea fish, a diverse and ecologically important group,[2] which are part of the order of cod-like fish, the Gadiformes. The species in the Macrouridae are characterised by their large heads[3] which normally have a single barbel on the chin,[4] projecting snouts, and slender bodies that taper to whip-like tails, without an obvious caudal fin[3] but what there is of the caudal fin is often confluent with the posterior dorsal and anal fins.[4] There are normally two dorsal fins, the anterior dorsal fin is quite high, the posterior quite low but is longer and takes up a greater proportion of the fish's back. Species in the subfamily Macrouroidinae have a single dorsal fin.[5] The long anal fin is almost as long as the posterior dorsal fin, and sometimes it is longer. The pelvic fin is inserted in the vicinity of the thorax and normally has 5–17 fin rays but these are absent in Macrouroides. The body is covered in small scales and if they have a photophore, it is usually on the midline of the abdomen just in front of the anus.[4] The bioluminescence of these fish is produced by symbiotic bioluminescent bacteria.[2] The structure of the skull has been used to show their placing in the Gadiformes, but they differ from the typical cods in that they possess one stout spine in the anterior dorsal fin.[3]
The species in this family are mainly benthopelagic, they are found at depths of 200–2000 m,[4] they occur on the sea bed[3] and have a wide distribution from the Arctic to the Antarctic.[4] The species in the Macrouridae normally live near the sea bed on the continental slope, however, some species are bathypelagic or mesopelagic, other species occur on the outer continental shelf.[2] Their bodies are loose in texture rather than firm and they are weak swimmers.[3] Some species are of commercial importance to fisheries.[5]
Coelorinchus tokiensis
Subfamilies
There are four subfamilies within the Macrouridae:[1]
Bathygadinae: contains 2 genera and 26 species
Macrourinae: contains 28 genera and 370 species[6]
Macrouroidinae: contains 2 monotypic genera
Trachyrincinae contains 2 genera and 7 species [7]
References
Nicolas Bailly, ed. (2015). "Macrouridae Bonaparte, 1831". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
Dianne J. Bray. "Family MACROURIDAE". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
"THE GRENADIERS. FAMILY MACROURIDAE". Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. gma.org. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
"Macrouridae Grenadiers Or Rattails". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
J.C. Hureau (ed.). "Fishes of the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean". Marine Species Identification Portal. ETI Bioinformatics. p. Grenadiers (Family Macrouridae). Retrieved 1 April 2018.
Rainer Froese; Daniel Pauly, eds. (2018). "Family: Macrouridae Grenadiers or rattails Subfamily: Macrourinae". Retrieved 1 April 2018.
Rainer Froese; Daniel Pauly, eds. (2018). "Family: Macrouridae Grenadiers or rattails Subfamily: Trachyrincinae". Retrieved 1 April 2018.
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