Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Classis: Chondrichthyes
Subclassis: Elasmobranchii
Infraclassis: Euselachii
Division/Cohort: Neoselachii
Subdivision/Subcohort: Selachimorpha
Superordo: Galeomorphii
Ordo: Lamniformes
Familia: Lamnidae
Genera: †Carchariolamna – Carcharodon – †Carcharomodus – †Corax – †Cosmopolitodus – Isurus – †Isurolamna – †Karaisurus – †Lamiostoma – Lamna – †Lethenia – †Macrorhizodus – †Parotodus
Name
Lamnidae Bonaparte, 1835
Type genus: Lamna (subgenus of Squalus) Cuvier, 1816
Synonymy
Isuridae
References
Bonaparte, C.L. 1835. Prodromus systematis ichthyologiae. Nuovi Annali delle Scienze naturali Bologna, (Ser. 1) (ann. 2) 4: 181–196, 272–277. Reference page.
Mollen, F.H. et al. 2012: Comparative morphology of rostral cartilages in extant mackerel sharks (Chondrichthyes, Lamniformes, Lamnidae) using CT scanning. Zootaxa 3340: 29–43. Preview PDF Reference page.
Links
Wikipedia/Lamnidae
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Makrelenhaie
Ελληνικά: Λαμνίδες
English: Mackerel sharks, white sharks
español: Lámnidos
magyar: Heringcápafélék
日本語: ネズミザメ科
Nederlands: Makreelhaai
தமிழ்: கானாங்கெளுத்தி சுறா/கழுதைச் சுறா
中文（简体）: 鼠鲨科
中文（繁體）: 鼠鯊科
The Lamnidae are the family of mackerel sharks known as white sharks.[2] They are large, fast-swimming predatory fish found in oceans worldwide, though prefer environments with colder water. The name of the family is formed from the Greek word lamna, which means "fish of prey", and was derived from the Greek legendary creature, the Lamia.[3]
These sharks have pointed snouts, spindle-shaped bodies, and large gill openings. The first dorsal fin is large, high, stiff and angular or somewhat rounded. The second dorsal and anal fins are minute. The caudal peduncle has a couple of less distinct keels. The teeth are gigantic. The fifth gill opening is in front of the pectoral fin and spiracles are sometimes absent. They are powerful, heavily built sharks, sometimes weighing nearly twice as much as other sharks of comparable length from other families. Many sharks in the family are among the fastest-swimming fish, although the massive great white shark is slower due to its large size.
Genera and species
The family contains five living species in three genera and these selected extinct genera and species:[1]
Genus †Carchariolamna Hora, 1939
†Carchariolamna heroni Hora, 1939
Genus Carcharodon Smith, 1838
Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758) (great white shark)
†Carcharodon hubbelli Ehret, Macfadden, Jones, Devries, Foster & Salas-Gismondi, 2012 (Hubbell's white shark)
Genus †Corax Agassiz 1843
Genus †Cosmopolitodus Glikman, 1964
†Cosmopolitodus hastalis Agassiz, 1843 (broad-toothed mako)
Genus †Carcharomodus
†Carcharomodus escheri Agassiz, 1843
Genus Isurus Rafinesque, 1810
Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810 (shortfin mako)
Isurus paucus Guitart-Manday, 1966 (longfin mako)
†Isurus desori Agassiz, 1843
†Isurus flandricus Leriche, 1910
†Isurus minutus Agassiz, 1843
†Isurus nakaminatoensis Saito, 1961
†Isurus planus Agassiz, 1856
†Isurus praecursor Leriche, 1905
†Isurus rameshi Mehrotra, Mishra & Srivastava, 1973
Genus †Isurolamna Cappetta, 1976
†Isurolamna affinis Casier, 1946
†Isurolamna bajarunasi Glikman & Zhelezko, 1985
†Isurolamna gracilis Le Hon, 1871
†Isurolamna inflata Leriche, 1905
Genus †Karaisurus Kozlov in Zhelezko & Kozlov, 1999
†Karaisurus demidkini Kozlov in Zhelezko & Kozlov, 1999
Genus †Lamiostoma Glikman, 1964
†Lamiostoma belyaevi Glikman, 1964
†Lamiostoma stolarovi Glikman & Zhelezko in Zhelezko & Kozlov, 1999
Genus Lamna Cuvier, 1816
Lamna ditropis Hubbs & Follett, 1947 (salmon shark)
Lamna nasus Bonnaterre, 1788 (porbeagle)
†Lamna attenuata Davis, 1888
†Lamna carinata Davis, 1888
†Lamna hectori Davis, 1888
†Lamna marginalis Davis, 1888
†Lamna quinquelateralis Cragin, 1894
†Lamna trigeri Coquand, 1860
†Lamna trigonata Agassiz, 1843
Genus †Lethenia Leriche, 1910
†Lethenia vandenbroecki Winkler, 1880
Genus †Macrorhizodus Glikman, 1964
†Macrorhizodus americanus Leriche, 1942
†Macrorhizodus nolfi Zhelezko, 1999
See also
List of sharks
Shark
List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish
References
Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2009). "Lamnidae" in FishBase. January 2009 version.
McEachran, J.; Fechhelm, J.D. (1998). Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico, Vol. 1: Myxiniformes to Gasterosteiformes. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-292-75206-1. OCLC 38468784. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
ISBN 9781258302863: A source-book of biological names and terms, 1944, Edmund Carroll Jaeger
Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Lamnidae" in FishBase. March 2006 version.
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