Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Characiformes
Familia: Cynodontidae
Genus: Hydrolycus
Species: H. armatus – H. scomberoides – H. tatauaia – H. wallacei
Name
Hydrolycus Müller & Troschel, 1844
Etymology: Hydrolycus: from the Greek hydro, meaning water, and lykos, meaning wolf.
References
Hydrolycus – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Hydrolycus is a genus of large dogtooth characins from tropical South America, where found in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, as well as rivers of the Guianas.[1] The genus includes the largest dogtooth characins, reaching up to 1.17 m (3.8 ft) in length.[1] They have long, pointed teeth (shorter and less extreme in H. wallacei) used for spearing their prey, generally smaller fish.[2] In a study of the stomachs of 45 individuals, most were empty, but among the remaining the prey fish were 15–50% of the length Hydrolycus itself.[3]
In 1999 two new species were described, the first in this genus in 158 years.[1][2]
Species
Hydrolycus armatus
There are currently four described species.[1]
Hydrolycus armatus (Jardine, 1841) (Payara)
Hydrolycus scomberoides (G. Cuvier, 1819) (Payara)
Hydrolycus tatauaia Toledo-Piza, Menezes & dos Santos, 1999
Hydrolycus wallacei Toledo-Piza, Menezes & dos Santos, 1999
References
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Hydrolycus in FishBase. January 2017 version.
Toledo-Piza, M.; N.A. Menezes; G.M. Santos (1999). "Revision of the Neotropical fish genus Hydrolycus (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Cynodontidae) with the description of two new species". Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 10 (3): 255–280.
Goulding, M (1980). The Fishes and the Forest: Explorations in Amazonian Natural History. University of California Press. pp. 185–186. ISBN 0-520-04131-3.
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