Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Characiformes
Familia: Hemiodontidae
Genus: Hemiodus
Species (22): H. amazonum – H. argenteus – H. atranalis – H. goeldii – H. gracilis – H. huraulti – H. immaculatus – H. iratapuru – H. jatuarana – H. langeanii – H. microlepis – H. orthonops – H. parnaguae – H. quadrimaculatus – H. semitaeniatus – H. sterni – H. ternetzi – H. thayeria – H. tocantinensis – H. tucupi – H. unimaculatus – H. vorderwinkleri
Name
Hemiodus Müller, 1842
Gender: masculine
Type species: Hemiodus crenidens Müller, 1842
Synonyms
Anisitsia Eigenmann & Kennedy in Eigenmann, 1903
Hemiodopsis Fowler, 1906
Pterohemiodus Fowler, 1940
References
Eigenmann, C. H., 1903: New genera of South American fresh-water fishes, and new names for old genera. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 45: 144–148.
Fowler, H. W., 1906: Further knowledge of some heterognathus fishes. Part I. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 58: 293–351.
Fowler, H. W., 1940: A collection of fishes obtained by Mr. William C. Morrow in the Ucayali River Basin, Peru. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 91 [1939]: 219–289.
Müller, J., 1842: Über die Schwimmblase der Fische, mit Bezug auf eínige neue Fischgattungen. Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1842: 202–210.
Roberts, T. R., 1974: Osteology and classification of the neotropical characoid fishes of the families Hemiodontidae (including Anodontinae) and Parodontidae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 146 (9): 411–472.
Silva, I. da S., Nogueira, A.F., Netto-Ferreira, A.L., Akama, A. & Dutra, G.M. 2020. A new species of Hemiodus Müller (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae) from the lower Rio Xingu, Brazil. Zootaxa 4751(1): 172–180. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4751.1.11 Paywall Reference page.
Hemiodus is a genus of halftooths from South America with the greatest species richness in the Amazon Basin, but also found in the Orinoco, Essequibo, Paraná–Paraguay and Parnaíba River basins.[1] Depending on the species involved, these elongate fish reach a length of 7–30 cm (3–12 in).[1]
Species
There are currently 21 recognized species in this genus:[2]
Hemiodus amazonum (Humboldt, 1821)
Hemiodus argenteus Pellegrin, 1909
Hemiodus atranalis (Fowler, 1940)
Hemiodus goeldii Steindachner, 1908
Hemiodus gracilis Günther, 1864
Hemiodus huraulti (Géry, 1964)
Hemiodus immaculatus Kner, 1858
Hemiodus iratapuru Langeani & C. L. R. Moreira, 2013 [3]
Hemiodus jatuarana Langeani, 2004
Hemiodus langeanii Beltrão & Zuanon, 2012[1]
Hemiodus microlepis Kner, 1858
Hemiodus orthonops C. H. Eigenmann & C. H. Kennedy, 1903
Hemiodus parnaguae C. H. Eigenmann & Henn, 1916
Hemiodus quadrimaculatus Pellegrin, 1909 (Barred hemiodus)
Hemiodus semitaeniatus Kner, 1858 (Halfline hemiodus)
Hemiodus sterni (Géry, 1964)
Hemiodus ternetzi G. S. Myers, 1927
Hemiodus thayeria J. E. Böhlke, 1955
Hemiodus tocantinensis Langeani, 1999
Hemiodus unimaculatus (Bloch, 1794)
Hemiodus vorderwinkleri (Géry, 1964)
References
Beltrão, H. & Zuanon, J. (2012): Hemiodus langeanii (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae), a new species from rio Amana, rio Maués-Açú drainage, Amazon basin, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 10 (2): 255-262.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Hemiodus". FishBase. February 2014 version.
Langeani, F. & Moreira, C.R. (2013): Hemiodus iratapuru, a new species of Hemiodontidae from the Rio Jari, Amazon Basin, Brazil (Teleostei, Characiformes). Journal of Fish Biology, 82 (4): 1259–1268.
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