Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Characiformes
Familia: Characidae
Subfamiliae: Pristellinae
Genus: Hemigrammus
Species (52): H. aereus – H. aguaruna – H. analis – H. arua – H. barrigonae – H. bellottii – H. bleheri – H. boesemani – H. brevis – H. changae – H. coeruleus – H. cupreus – H. cylindricus – H. elegans – H. erythrozonus – H. falsus – H. geisleri – H. guyanensis – H. haraldi – H. hyanuary – H. iota – H. kuroobi – H. levis – H. luelingi – H. lunatus – H. machadoi – H. mahnerti – H. marginatus – H. matei – H. megaceps – H. melanochrous – H. micropterus – H. microstomus – H. mimus – H. neptunus – H. newboldi – H. ocellifer – H. ora – H. orthus – H. pretoensis – H. pulcher – H. rodwayi – H. rubrostriatus – H. schmardae – H. skolioplatus – H. stictus – H. taphorni – H. tocantinsi – H. tridens – H. ulreyi – H. unilineatus – H. vorderwinkleri
Name
Hemigrammus Gill, 1858
Gender: masculine.
Created as a subgenus of Poecilurichthys [=Astyanax Baird & Girard, 1854]
Type by monotypy in subgenus. See Benine et al. 2004:72.
Type species: Poecilurichthys (Hemigrammus) unilineatus Gill, 1858
References
Primary references
Gill, T.N. 1858. Synopsis of the fresh water fishes of the western portion of the island of Trinidad, W. I. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York 6(nos 10–13, art. 38): 363–430. BHL Reference page.
Benine, R.C., Castro, R.M.C. & Sabino, J. 2004. Moenkhausia bonita: a new small characin fish from the Rio Paraguay basin, southwestern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Copeia 2004 (no. 1): 68–73. Reference page. [see page 72.]
Ota, R.P., Lima, F.C.T. & Hidalgo, M.H. 2019. Description of a new Hemigrammus Gill (Characiformes: Characidae) from the río Madeira basin in Peru and Bolivia. Zootaxa 4577(2): 335–347. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.6 Paywall Reference page.
Ota, R.P., Lima, F.C.T. & Pavanelli, C.S. 2015. A new species of Hemigrammus Gill, 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae) from the central and western Amazon and rio Paraná-Paraguai basins. Zootaxa 3948(2): 218–232. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3948.2.4. Preview (PDF). Reference page.
Reia, L. & Benine, R.C. 2019. A new species of Hemigrammus Gill 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper Rio Negro, Amazon basin, Brazil. Zootaxa 4555(3): 407–415. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.3.9 Paywall Reference page.
Links
Hemigrammus species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Hemigrammus – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Hemigrammus is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Characidae native to South America (including Trinidad) and commonly seen in the aquarium trade. These are medium-small tetras where the largest species reach up to around 11 cm (4.3 in).[1]
Species
There are currently 59 recognized species in this genus:
Hemigrammus aereus Géry, 1959
Hemigrammus aguaruna F. C. T. Lima, Corrêa & Ota, 2016 [2]
Hemigrammus analis Durbin, 1909
Hemigrammus arua F. C. T. Lima, Wosiacki & C. S. Ramos, 2009
Hemigrammus ataktos Marinho, D'Agosta & Birindelli, 2014 [3]
Hemigrammus barrigonae C. H. Eigenmann & Henn, 1914
Hemigrammus bellottii (Steindachner, 1882)
Hemigrammus boesemani Géry, 1959
Hemigrammus brevis Durbin, 1911
Hemigrammus coeruleus Durbin, 1908
Hemigrammus cupreus Durbin, 1918
Hemigrammus cylindricus Durbin, 1909
Hemigrammus diagonicus Mendonça & Wosiacki, 2011 [4]
Hemigrammus durbinae Ota, F. C. T. Lima & Pavanelli, 2015 [5]
Hemigrammus elegans (Steindachner, 1882)
Hemigrammus erythrozonus Durbin, 1909 (Glowlight tetra)
Hemigrammus falsus Meinken, 1958 [6]
Hemigrammus filamentosus Zarske, 2011 [7]
Hemigrammus geisleri Zarske & Géry, 2007
Hemigrammus gracilis (Lütken, 1875)
Hemigrammus guyanensis Géry, 1959
Hemigrammus haraldi Géry, 1961
Hemigrammus hyanuary Durbin, 1918 (Costello tetra)
Hemigrammus iota Durbin, 1909
Hemigrammus levis Durbin, 1908
Hemigrammus luelingi Géry, 1964
Hemigrammus lunatus Durbin, 1918 [8]
Hemigrammus machadoi Ota, F. C. T. Lima & Pavanelli, 2014 [8]
Hemigrammus mahnerti Uj & Géry, 1989
Hemigrammus marginatus Durbin, 1911
Hemigrammus matei C. H. Eigenmann, 1918
Hemigrammus megaceps Fowler, 1945
Hemigrammus melanochrous Fowler, 1913
Hemigrammus micropterus Meek, 1907
Hemigrammus microstomus Durbin, 1918
Hemigrammus mimus J. E. Böhlke, 1955
Hemigrammus neptunus Zarske & Géry, 2002
Hemigrammus newboldi (Fernández-Yépez, 1949)
Hemigrammus ocellifer (Steindachner, 1882)
Hemigrammus ora Zarske, Le Bail & Géry, 2006
Hemigrammus orthus Durbin, 1909
Hemigrammus parana Marinho, F. R. de Carvalho, Langeani & Tatsumi, 2008
Hemigrammus pretoensis Géry, 1965
Hemigrammus pulcher Ladiges, 1938 (Garnet tetra)
Hemigrammus rodwayi Durbin, 1909 (Gold tetra)
Hemigrammus rubrostriatus Zarske, 2015 [6]
Hemigrammus schmardae (Steindachner, 1882)
Hemigrammus silimoni Britski & F. C. T. Lima, 2008
Hemigrammus skolioplatus Bertaco & T. P. Carvalho, 2005
Hemigrammus stictus (Durbin, 1909)
Hemigrammus taphorni Benine & G. A. M. Lopes, 2007
Hemigrammus tocantinsi F. R. de Carvalho, Bertaco & Jerep, 2010
Hemigrammus tridens C. H. Eigenmann, 1907
Hemigrammus ulreyi (Boulenger, 1895)
Hemigrammus unilineatus (T. N. Gill, 1858) (Feather-fin tetra)
Hemigrammus vorderwinkleri Géry, 1963
Hemigrammus yinyang F. C. T. Lima & L. M. Sousa, 2009
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hemigrammus.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Hemigrammus". FishBase. January 2016 version.
Lima, F.C.T., Correa, V. & Ota, R.P. (2016): A new species of Hemigrammus Gill 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae) from the western Amazon basin in Peru and Colombia. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 22 (3): 123-132.
Marinho, M.M.F., Dagosta, F.C.P. & Birindelli, J.L.O. (2014): Hemigrammus ataktos: a new species from the rio Tocantins basin, central Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 257-264.
Mendonça, M.B. & Wosiacki, W.B. (2011): A New Species of Hemigrammus from the Lower Amazon Floodplain (Characiformes: Characidae). Copeia, 2011 (2): 211-215.
Ota, R.P., Lima, F.C.T. & Pavanelli, C.S. (2015): A new species of Hemigrammus Gill, 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae) from the central and western Amazon and rio Paraná-Paraguai basins. Zootaxa, 3948 (2): 218–232.
Zarske, A. (2015): Hemigrammus rubrostriatus spec. nov. – ein neuer Salmler aus Kolumbien und Revalidierung von Hemigrammus falsus Meinken, 1958 (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characidae). Archived 2016-01-23 at the Wayback Machine Vertebrate Zoology, 65 (1): 3–14.
Zarske, A. (2011): Hemigrammus filamentosus spec. nov. – der Südamerikanische Fadensalmler, ein neuer Salmler (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae) aus dem Araguaya-Becken in Brasilien. Vertebrate Zoology, 61 (1): 3-12.
Ota, R.P., Lima, F.C.T. & Pavanelli, C.S. (2014): A new species of Hemigrammus Gill, 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Madeira and rio Paraguai basins, with a redescription of H. lunatus. Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 265-279.
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