Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Ovalentaria
Superordo: Atherinomorphae
Ordo: Cyprinodontiformes
Subordo: Cyprinodontoidei
Familia: Fundulidae
Genera: Fundulus – Leptolucania – Lucania
Name
Fundulidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
References
2011: Zootaxa, 2901: 1–18. Preview
Nelson, J.S. 2006. Fishes of the World, fourth edition. John Wiley, Hoboken, 624 pp. ISBN 0-471-25031-7. ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9. Reference page.
Wainwright, P.C., Smith, W.L., Price, S.A., Tang, K.L., Ferry, L.A., Sparks, J.S. & Near, T.J. 2012. The evolution of pharyngognathy: a phylogenetic and functional appraisal of the pharyngeal jaw key innovation in labroid fishes and beyond. Systematic biology 61(6): 1001–1027. (PDF) DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/sys060 Reference page.
Links
Fundulidae and its species in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Genera of Fundulidae (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Fundulidae – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Vernacular names
català: Fundúlid
čeština: Fundulovití
suomi: Amerikankillit
lietuvių: Fundulai
中文: 底鱂科
Fundulidae is the family of topminnows and North American killifishes.[2]
Distribution
The 46 species are native to North America as far south as Yucatan, and to the islands of Bermuda and Cuba, occurring in both freshwater and marine environments.
Description
Most members of the family are small. While the giant killifish (Fundulus grandissimus) and northern studfish (Fundulus catenatus) can reach 20 cm (7.9 in) in length, most species are under 10 cm in length.
The distinguishing characteristic of the family is the maxillary bone, which is twisted instead of being straight.[3]
While many species of the Fundulidae are listed as not threatened, there are some that are listed as endangered because of their environment. Many common species of the Fundulidae live in North America such as the United States and Mexico. They live in different ecosystem such as costal marshes, lagoons, rivers, streams with high elevations with clear water, and muddy conditions at lower elevation. They are able to adapt to different conditions which is increasing their survival rate.[4][5]
Genera
There are three genera in the family Fundulidae:[2]
Fundulus Lacepède 1803
Leptolucania Myers, 1924
Lucania Girard, 1859
References
Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Fundulidae". FishBase. April 2019 version.
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 374. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2019-09-22.
Lozano-Vilano, M. L.; De La Maza-Benignos, M. (January 2017). "Diversity and status of Mexican killifishes: Mexican killifishes". Journal of Fish Biology. 90 (1): 3–38. doi:10.1111/jfb.13186. PMID 27785814.
Ruiz-Campos, Gorgonio (2000-09-01). "Threatened Fishes of the World: Fundulus lima Vaillant, 1894 (Fundulidae)". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 59 (1): 20. Bibcode:2000EnvBF..59...20R. doi:10.1023/A:1007617406694. ISSN 1573-5133. S2CID 2943262.
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