Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Perciformes
Subordo: Percoidei
Superfamilia: Percoidea
Familia: Polynemidae
Genus: Filimanus
Species: F. heptadactyla – F. hexanema – F. perplexa – F. sealei – F. similis – F. xanthonema
Name
Filimanus Myers, 1936 [placed on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology by ICZN (1994: 81)] [source: ICZN (1994: 81)]
Gender: feminine [source: ICZN (1994: 81)]
Type species: Filimanus perplexa Feltes, 1991, by designation under the plenary powers by ICZN (1994: 81) [source: ICZN (1994: 81)]
References
cited sources
ICZN 1994: OPINION 1761. Filimanus Myers, 1936 (Osteichthyes, Perciformes): Filimanus perplexa Feltes, 1991 designated as the type species. Bulletin of zoological nomenclature, 51: 81. ISSN: 0007-5167 Internet Archive BHL BioStor
Additional references
Feltes, R.M. 1991: Revision of the polynemid fish genus Filimanus, with the description of two new species. Copeia, 1991: 302–322. JSTOR
Links
ION
Nomenclator Zoologicus
Filimanus – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Filimanus species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Vernacular names
中文: 絲指馬鮁屬
Filimanus heptadactyla
Filimanus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes, threadfins from the family Polynemidae.[2]
Features
The fishes of the genus Filimanus have a body which is oblong to moderately deep and compressed. They have a well developed adipose eyelid and the diameter of the eye is longer than the length of the snout. They have a well developed lip on their lower jaws and the teeth on the dentary bone are restricted to its dorsal surface. There are narrow bands of villiform teeth on their jaws, palatine bone and ectopterygoids. The rear joint of the mouth extends past the level of rear margin of the adipose eyelid. The rear margin of the gill cover is serrated. They have two dorsal fins with the first dorsal fin having 8 spines and the second dorsal fin has a single spine and 11 to 13 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 10 to 15 soft rays. The base of the anal fin is shorter than the length of the head. The pectoral fin contains 13 to 16 unbranched rays and it is placed below the midline of body. The caudal fin is deeply forked but its lobes do not have filaments.[3]
Distribution and habitat
Filimanus species are found in the Indian and western Pacific Ocean,[2] where they are found in waters of depths of 1 to 80 metres (3.3 to 262.5 ft) in depth over sandy and muddy substrates, often found in estuaries.[3]
Species
The following species are classified as within the genus Filimanus:
Filimanus heptadactyla (Cuvier, 1829) (Sevenfinger threadfin)
Filimanus hexanema (Cuvier 1829) (Javanese threadfin)
Filimanus perplexa Feltes 1991 (Splendid threadfin)
Filimanus sealei (Jordan & Richardson, 1910) (Eightfinger threadfin)
Filimanus similis Feltes 1991 (Indian sevenfinger threadfin)
Filimanus xanthonema (Valenciennes, 1831) (Yellowthread threadfin)
Type species
Filimanus was described as new genus by George S. Myers in 1936 with its only species being based on a single specimen which he identified as Polynemus melanochir but which was subsequently found to be a misidentification and P. melanochir is a valid species now classified in the genus Polydactylus which meant that Myers specimen remained undescribed. Subsequently Ross M. Feltes described it as Filimanus perplexa and added 5 other species to this new genus. Opinion 1761 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature confirmed F. perplexa as the type species of Myers's genus.[3]
References
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Filimanus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). Filimanus "Species in genus 'Filimanus'". FishBase. December 2019 version.
Hiroyuki Motomura & Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2004). Threadfins of the World (family Polynemidae): An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Polynemid Species Known to Date (PDF). FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. Vol. 3. Food & Agriculture Org.
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