Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Elopocephalai
Supercohors: Elopocephala
Cohors/Superordo: Elopomorpha
Ordo: Anguilliformes
Subordo: Anguilloidei
Familia: Muraenidae
Subfamilia: Muraeninae
Genus: Echidna
Species (11): E. amblyodon – E. catenata – E. delicatula – E. leucotaenia – E. nebulosa – E. nocturna – E. peli – E. polyzona – E. rhodochilus – E. unicolor – E. xanthospilos
Name
Echidna Forster, 1788
Type species: Muraena echidna Gmelin, 1789
No type species mentioned. The assumed type species Echidna variegata Forster is an unavailable name; type apparently Muraena echidna Gmelin (1789) = Muraena nebulosa Ahl (1789) by virtual tautonymy according to Böhlke & Randall (2000).
Synonyms
Leihala Jordan, 1925
Megaderus Rafinesque, 1815: 220
Molarii Richardson, 1848
Poecilophis Kaup, 1856
Echidna nebulosa (*)
References
Böhlke, E. B. & Randall, J. E.; 2000: A review of the moray eels (Angulliformes [sic]: Muraenidae) of the Hawaiian Islands, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 150: 203–278, Pls. 1-9.
Forster, J. R.; 1788: Enchiridion historiae naturali inserviens, quo, termini et delineationes ad avium, piscium, insectorum et plantarum adumbrationes intelligendas et concinnandas, secundum methodum systematis Linnaeani continentur. Hemmerde & Schwetschke, Halae. 1-6 + 6 + 1-224 pp.
Jordan, E. K.; 1925: Notes on the fishes of Hawaii, with descriptions of six new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 66 (2570): 1–43, Pls. 1-2.pdf
Kaup, J. J.; 1856: Uebersicht der Aale. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 22 (1): 41–77.pdf
Rafinesque, C.S. 1815. Analyse de la nature, ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. Palerme: L'Imprimerie de Jean Barravecchia. 224 pp. BHL Reference page.
Richardson, J.; 1844-48: Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror,... In: J. Richardson & J. E. Gray. The zoology of the voyage of H. H. S. "Erebus & Terror," under the command of Captain Sir J. C. Ross ... during ... 1839-43. London. 2 (2): 1–139, Pls. 1-60. [1844: 1–16; 1845: 17–52; 1846: 53–74; 1848: 75–139].
Smith, D.G. 2012. A checklist of the moray eels of the world (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Muraenidae). Zootaxa 3474: 1–64. Preview PDF Open access Reference page.
Links
Echidna and its species (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Echidna is a genus of moray eels in the family Muraenidae.[3]
Description
Echidna species lack canine teeth.[4]
Diet
They generally eat crustaceans.[5]
Species
As of 2017, FishBase and WoRMS recognize the following eleven species in Echidna:[3][6]
Echidna amblyodon (Bleeker, 1856) (Sulawesi moray)
Echidna catenata (Bloch, 1795) (chain moray)
Echidna delicatula (Kaup, 1856) (mottled moray)
Echidna leucotaenia L. P. Schultz, 1943 (whiteface moray)
Echidna nebulosa (J. N. Ahl, 1789) (snowflake moray)
Echidna nocturna (Cope, 1872) (freckled moray)
Echidna peli (Kaup, 1856) (pebbletooth moray)
Echidna polyzona (J. Richardson, 1845) (barred moray)
Echidna rhodochilus Bleeker, 1863 (pink-lipped moray eel)
Echidna unicolor L. P. Schultz, 1953 (unicolor moray)
Echidna xanthospilos (Bleeker, 1859) (New Guinea moray)
In addition to the species listed above, the zebra moray (Gymnomuraena zebra) has sometimes been included in Echidna.
References
Forster, Io. Reinholdo (1788). Enchiridion historiae naturali inserviens. Halae: Hemmerde etSchwetschke. p. 81.
Böhlke, Eugenia B.; Randall, John E. (2000). "A Review of the Moray eels (Angulliformes: Muraenidae) of the Hawaiian Islands, with Descriptions of Two New Species". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 150: 216. JSTOR 4065071.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Echidna". FishBase. September 2017 version.
Smith, Margaret M.; Heemstra, Philip C. (1986), "Class Osteichthyes", in Smith, Margaret M.; Heemstra, Phillip C. (eds.), Smiths Sea Fishes (6th ed.), Springer Science & Business Media, p. 166, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-82858-4_13, ISBN 978-3-642-82858-4
Arun Kumar, M.; Venu, S.; Padmavati, G. (2016). "First Record of the Pink Lipped Moray Eel, Echidna rhodochilus (Bleeker 1863) (Family: Muraenidae), from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India". International Journal of Oceanography. 2016: 1–4. doi:10.1155/2016/6098027.
Bailly, N. (2014). Bailly N (ed.). "Echidna Forster, 1788". FishBase. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
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