Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Otomorpha
Subcohors: Ostariophysi
Sectio: Otophysa
Ordo: Cypriniformes
Subordo: Cyprinoidei
Familia: Danionidae
Subfamilia: Danioninae
Genus: Danionella
Species: D. cerebrum – D. dracula – D. mirifica – D. priapus – D. translucida
Name
Danionella Roberts, 1986
Gender: feminine
Type species: Danionella translucida Roberts, 1986, by original designation
References
Primary references
Roberts, T.R. 1986: Danionella translucida, a new genus and species of cyprinid fish from Burma, one of the smallest living vertebrates. Environmental biology of fishes, 16: 231–241. DOI: 10.1007/BF00842977
Additional references
Britz, R. 2003: Danionella mirifica, a new species of miniature fish from Upper Myanmar (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological exploration of freshwaters, 14: 217–222. Abstract & excerpt
Britz, R. 2009: Danionella priapus, a new species of miniature cyprinid fish from West Bengal, India (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa, 2277: 53–60. Abstract & excerpt
Britz, R.; Conway, K.W.; Rüber, L. 2009: Spectacular morphological novelty in a miniature cyprinid fish, Danionella dracula n. sp. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B), 276: 2179–2186. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0141
Links
ION
Nomenclator Zoologicus
Danionella is a genus of danionin fish found in freshwater habitats in Myanmar and West Bengal, India. It includes some of the smallest fishes.
Distribution
Four out of Five Described species of Danionella are found in Myanmar. D. translucida is described from the Ayeyarwady River basin, and D. mirifica was described from the Kamaing area in upper Myanmar.[1] Danionella priapus is endemic to India.[2]
Description
When first described, Danionella translucida was the smallest ostariophysan and the smallest adult vertebrate to inhabit fresh water.[3] Its adult size ranges from 10–12 millimetres (.43–.47 in) SL.[3] D. mirifica gets slightly larger, at about 14 mm (.55 in) SL, but is still one of the smallest freshwater fishes.[1][4]
Danionella species lack scales and barbels, [3] but possess a lateral line.[5]
D. mirifica has a single row of melanophores between the pelvic fins and the tips of the cleithra, and there is a lack of melanophores on the underside of the abdomen.[1]
D. dracula reaches 17 mm in length. It is neotonous, lacking 44 bones that develop late in the related zebrafish Danio rerio. They have teeth made of bone, rather than the true teeth of other fishes, and the males have a pair of boney fangs which may be used during male-male competitions over nesting sites. Britz et al. believe the lineage lost true teeth about 50 Ma.[6]
Species
| Species | Common Name | Image |
|---|---|---|
| Danionella cerebrum Britz, Conway & Rüber, 2021 |  |
|
| Danionella dracula Britz, Conway & Rüber, 2009 | Dracula fish | |
| Danionella mirifica Britz, 2003 | ||
| Danionella priapus Britz, 2009 |  |
|
| Danionella translucida T. R. Roberts, 1986 |  |
References
Britz, Ralf (October 2003). "Danionella mirifica, a new species of miniature fish from Upper Myanmar (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae)" (PDF). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 14 (3): 217–222. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
Britz, Ralf (October 2009). "Danionella Priapus, a New Species of Miniature Cyprinid Fish from West Bengal, India (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)".
Roberts, Tyson R. (1986). "Danionella translucida, a new genus and species of cyprinid fish from Burma, one of the smallest living vertebrates". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 16 (4): 231–241. doi:10.1007/BF00842977.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Danionella mirifica". FishBase. August 2011 version.
Hu, Yinan; Mauri, Angela; Donahue, Joan; Singh, Rajendra; Acosta, Benjamin; McMenamin, Sarah (2019). "Thyroid hormone coordinates developmental trajectories but does not underlie developmental truncation in danionins". Developmental Dynamics. 248 (11): 1144–1154. doi:10.1002/dvdy.76. ISSN 1097-0177. PMC 6824966. PMID 31228301.
Ralf Britz et al., Royal Society's journal Proceedings B, March 2009
"Several other as yet unnamed Danionella species have very recently been discovered". Archived from the original on 2007-07-08.
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