Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Ordo: Pleuronectiformes
Subordo: Soleoidei
Familia: Cynoglossidae
Subfamilia: Cynoglossinae
Genus: Cynoglossus
Species: C. abbreviatus – C. acaudatus – C. acutirostris – C. arel – C. attenuatus – C. bilineatus – C. broadhursti – C. browni – C. cadenati – C. canariensis – C. capensis – C. carpenteri – C. cynoglossus – C. dispar – C. dollfusi – C. dubius – C. durbanensis – C. feldmanni – C. gilchristi – C. gracilis – C. heterolepis – C. interruptus – C. itinus – C. joyneri – C. kapuasensis – C. kopsii – C. lachneri – C. lida – C. lighti – C. lineolatus – C. lingua – C. maccullochi – C. macrolepidotus –C. macrophthalmu –C. macrostomus – C. maculipinnis – C. marleyi – C. melampetalus – C. microlepis – C. monodi – C. monopus – C. nanhaiensis – C. nigropinnatus – C. ochiaii – C. ogilbyi – C. oligolepis – C. pottii – C. puncticeps – C. purpureomaculatus – C. quadrilineatus – C. robustus – C. roulei – C. sealarki – C. semifasciatus – C. semilaevis – C. senegalensis – C. sibogae – C. sinicus – C. sinusarabici – C. suyeni – C. trigrammus – C. trulla – C. waandersii – C. zanzibarensis
Name
Cynoglossus Hamilton, 1822
Type species: Cynoglossus lingua Hamilton, 1822
Synonyms
Cynoglossoides Smith, 1949
Arelia Kaup, 1858
Areliscus Jordan & Snyder, 1900
Trulla Kaup, 1858
References
Hamilton, F. 1822. An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Archibald Constable & Co., Hurst, Robinson & Co. Pp. i–vii + 1–405, Pls. 1–39. BHL Reference page.
Links
Cynoglossus and its species (including synonyms) in Catalog of Fishes, Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.) 2024. Catalog of Fishes electronic version.
Cynoglossus species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Cynoglossus Hamilton, 1822 – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Vernacular names
English: Tonguefish, Tonguesole
ไทย: ปลายอดม่วง
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cynoglossus
Cynoglossus feldmanni
Cynoglossus monopus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Cynoglossidae
Genus: Cynoglossus
Hamilton, 1822
Type species
Cynoglossus lingua
Hamilton, 1822
Synonyms
Arelia Kaup, 1858
Areliscus Jordan & Snyder, 1900
Cantoria Kaup, 1858
Cantorusia Whitley, 1940
Cynoglossoides von Bonde, 1922
Dexiourius Chabanaud, 1947
Dollfusichthys Chabanaud, 1931
Icania Kaup, 1858
Notrullus Whitley, 1951
Trulla Kaup, 1858
Cynoglossus is a genus of fish in the family Cynoglossidae. Most species are indigenous to the Indo-Pacific region, but there are also a few in warmer parts of the East Atlantic. They are commonly found in shallow waters on a muddy or sandy bottom, including estuaries and a few species are restricted to fresh water.[1] One species Cynoglossus sinusarabici has invaded the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal from the Red Sea, a process known as Lessepsian or Erythrean migration.[2]
Species
There are currently 67 recognized species in this genus:
Cynoglossus abbreviatus (J. E. Gray, 1834) (Three-lined tongue sole)
Cynoglossus acaudatus Gilchrist, 1906 (Natal tongue sole)
Cynoglossus acutirostris Norman, 1939 (Sharp-nose tongue sole)
Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (Large-scale tongue sole)
Cynoglossus attenuatus Gilchrist, 1904
Cynoglossus brachycephalus Bleeker, 1870 [3]
Cynoglossus broadhursti Waite, 1905 (Southern tongue sole)
Cynoglossus browni Chabanaud, 1949 (Nigerian tongue sole)
Cynoglossus cadenati Chabanaud, 1947 (Ghanaian tongue sole)
Cynoglossus canariensis Steindachner, 1882 (Canary tongue sole)
Cynoglossus capensis (Kaup, 1858) (Sand tongue sole)
Cynoglossus carpenteri Alcock, 1889 (Hooked tongue sole)
Cynoglossus crepida Fricke, Golani & Appelbaum-Golani, 2017, (Bluntnose deepwater tongue sole)[4]
Cynoglossus cynoglossus (F. Hamilton, 1822) (Bengal tongue sole)
Cynoglossus dispar F. Day, 1877 (Round-head tongue sole)
Cynoglossus dollfusi (Chabanaud, 1931) [5]
Cynoglossus dubius F. Day, 1873 (Carrot tongue sole)
Cynoglossus durbanensis Regan, 1921 (Durban tongue sole)
Cynoglossus feldmanni (Bleeker, 1854) (River tongue sole)
Cynoglossus gilchristi Regan, 1920 (Ripple-fin tongue sole)
Cynoglossus gracilis Günther, 1873
Cynoglossus heterolepis M. C. W. Weber, 1910 (Freshwater tongue sole)
Cynoglossus interruptus Günther, 1880 (Genko tongue sole)
Cynoglossus itinus (Snyder, 1909)
Cynoglossus joyneri Günther, 1878 (Red tongue sole)
Cynoglossus kapuasensis Fowler, 1905
Cynoglossus kopsii (Bleeker, 1851) (Short-headed tongue sole)
Cynoglossus lachneri Menon, 1977 (Lachner's tongue sole)
Cynoglossus lida (Bleeker, 1851) (Rough-scale tongue sole)
Cynoglossus lighti Norman, 1925
Cynoglossus lineolatus Steindachner, 1867
Cynoglossus lingua F. Hamilton, 1822 (Long tongue sole)
Cynoglossus maccullochi Norman, 1926
Cynoglossus macrolepidotus (Bleeker, 1851)
Cynoglossus macrophthalmus Norman, 1926 (Big-eyed tongue sole)
Cynoglossus macrostomus Norman, 1928 (Malabar tongue sole)
Cynoglossus maculipinnis Rendahl (de), 1921
Cynoglossus marleyi Regan, 1921
Cynoglossus melampetalus (J. Richardson, 1846)
Cynoglossus microlepis (Bleeker, 1851) (Small-scale tongue sole)
Cynoglossus monodi Chabanaud, 1949 (Guinean tongue sole)
Cynoglossus monopus (Bleeker, 1849)
Cynoglossus nanhaiensis Z. M. Wang, Munroe & X. Y. Kong, 2016 (Nanhai tongue sole) [3]
Cynoglossus nigropinnatus Ochiai, 1963
Cynoglossus ochiaii Yokogawa, Endo & Sakaji, 2008
Cynoglossus ogilbyi Norman, 1926
Cynoglossus oligolepis (Bleeker, 1855)
Cynoglossus pottii Steindachner, 1902
Cynoglossus praecisus Alcock, 1890 [3]
Cynoglossus puncticeps (J. Richardson, 1846) (Speckled tongue sole)
Cynoglossus purpureomaculatus Regan, 1905
Cynoglossus quadrilineatus (Bleeker, 1851) (Four-lined tongue sole) [6]
Cynoglossus quadriocellatus R. Fricke, 2020 [7]
Cynoglossus robustus Günther, 1873
Cynoglossus roulei H. W. Wu, 1932
Cynoglossus sealarki Regan, 1908
Cynoglossus semifasciatus F. Day, 1877 (Bengal tongue sole)
Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther, 1873 (Tongue sole)
Cynoglossus senegalensis (Kaup, 1858) (Senegalese tongue sole)
Cynoglossus sibogae M. C. W. Weber, 1913
Cynoglossus sinicus H. W. Wu, 1932
Cynoglossus sinusarabici (Chabanaud, 1931) (Red Sea tongue sole)
Cynoglossus suyeni Fowler, 1934
Cynoglossus trigrammus Günther, 1862
Cynoglossus trulla (Cantor, 1849) (Macau tongue sole)
Cynoglossus versicolor Alcock, 1890 [3]
Cynoglossus waandersii (Bleeker, 1854)
Cynoglossus xiphoideus Günther, 1862 [3]
Cynoglossus zanzibarensis Norman, 1939 (Zanzibar tongue sole)
References
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Cynoglossus". FishBase. January 2016 version.
"Cynoglossus sinusarabici ((Chabanaud, 1931))". Marine Mediterranean Invasive Alien Species Database. MAMIAS. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
Wang, Z.-m., Munroe, T.A. & Kong, X.-y. (2016): A new species of tongue sole (Pisces: Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae: Cynoglossus) from coastal waters of the South China Sea. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 129 (1): 129–143.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Cynoglossus crepida". FishBase. February 2018 version.
Munroe, T.A. & Kong, X.-Y. (2016): Resolving uncertainties regarding the nomenclature and status of the Tongue Soles, Paraplagusia dollfusi Chabanaud, 1931 and ‘‘Cynoglossus (Trulla) dollfusi (Chabanaud, 1937)’’ (Teleostei: Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 129 (1): 10-23.
Kottelat, M. (2013): Nomenclature and identity of the tongue soles Paraplagusia bilineata, “Cynoglossus bilineatus” and Paraplagusia blochii (Teleostei: Pleuronectiformes). Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 61 (2): 763–766.
Fricke, R. 2020. Cynoglossus quadriocellatus, a new species of tonguesole from Western Australia (Teleostei: Cynoglossidae). FishTaxa 18: 6-17 | https://www.fishtaxa.com/index.php/ft/article/view/18-2/170
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