Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Ordo: Scorpaeniformes
Subordo: Platycephaloidei
Familia: Platycephalidae
Genus: Cymbacephalus
Cymbacephalus staigeri
Cymbacephalus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Platycephalidae, the flatheads. These fishes are found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Taxonomy
Cymbacephalus was first proposed as a genus by the American zoologist Henry Weed Fowler in 1938 with Platycephalus nematophthalmus, which had been described in 1860 by Albert Günther from the Victoria River and Port Essington in Australia, designated as its type species.[2] The genus is classified within the family Playtcephalidae, the flatheads which the 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies within the suborder Platycephaloidei in the order Scorpaeniformes.[3] The genus name is a compound of cymba, which means "cavity", and cephalus, meaning "head", alluding to the large deep pit to the rear of each eye of C. nematophthalmus.[4]
Species
Cymbacephalus currently has four recognised species classified within it:[5]
Cymbacephalus beauforti (Knapp, 1973) (De Beaufort's flathead)
Cymbacephalus bosschei (Bleeker, 1860) (Small-eyed flathead)
Cymbacephalus nematophthalmus (Günther, 1860) (Fringe-eyed flathead)
Cymbacephalus staigeri (Castelnau, 1875) (Northern rock flathead)
Some authorities regard C. staigeri as a synonym of C. nematophthalmus but include C. parilis (McCulloch, 1873), which has been considered to be a synonym of C. staigeri, as a valid species.[2]
Characteristics
Cymbacephalus flatheads are characterised by the possession of two or more spines the preoperculum with the upper spine being the longest but the second spine is almost equal to it in length and does not have an accessory spine on its base. The upper lobe of the caudal fin is not elongated and they do not have an elongated filament extending from the caudal fin. The first dorsal fin has between 7 and 9 spines while the second has 12 or less soft rays. There are 2 separate patches of vomerine teeth, There are between 4 and 46 pored scales in the lateral line and the posterior scales of the lateral line do not have spines. The lappet on the iris is cirrhose.[6] The largest species is C. nematophthalmus with a maximum published total length of 58 cm (23 in) while the smallest is C. bosschei with a maximum published total length of 45 cm (18 in).[5]
Distribution
Cymbacephalus flatheads are Indo-Pacific fishes and are found in the eastern Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean, north as far as the Ryukyu Islands and south to New Caledonia and Australia.[2]
References
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Playcephalidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Cymbacephalus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2022-07-07.
Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (7 December 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Platycephaloidei: Families Bembridae, Parabembridae, Hoplichthyidae, Platycephalidae and Plectrogeniidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Cymbacephalus". FishBase. February 2022 version.
L.W. Knapp (1999). "Platycephalidae Flatheads". In Carpenter, K.E.; Niem, V.H. (eds.). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. pp. 2385–2421. ISBN 9251043019.
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