Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Pelagiaria
Ordo: Scombriformes
Familia: Caristiidae
Subfamilia: Caristiinae
Genus: Caristius
Species: C. andriashevi – C. barsukovi – C. digitus – C. fasciatus – C. japonicus – C. litvinovi – C. macropus – C. meridionalis – C. walvisensis
Name
Caristius Gill & Smith, 1905
Type species: Caristius japonicus Gill & Smith, 1905
Synonyms
Elephenor Jordan, 1919
Vernacular names
English: Manefishes
References
Gill, T. N. & Smith, H. M.; 1905: A new family of jugular acanthopterygians. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 18: 249–250. BHL
Jordan, D. S.; 1919: On Elephenor, a new genus of fishes from Japan. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 12 (3-4) (4): 329–343, Pls. 54-58. BHL
Stevenson, D.E. & Kenaley, C.P. 2013. Revision of the Manefish Genera Caristius and Platyberyx (Teleostei: Percomorpha: Caristiidae), with Descriptions of Five New Species. Copeia 2013(3): 415–434. Reference page.
Links
Caristius – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Caristius species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2024. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 02/2024.
Caristius is a genus of manefishes native to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Ecology
A member of the genus Caristius associates with the siphonophore Bathyphysa conifera, using it for shelter, stealing meals, and perhaps nibbling on its host as well, yet protecting it from amphipod parasites such as Themisto.[2] This symbiotic relationship appears mutualistic.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:[3][4][5][6]
Caristius andriashevi Kukuev, Parin & Trunov, 2012[4]
Caristius barsukovi Kukuev, Parin & Trunov, 2013[6]
Caristius digitus D. E. Stevenson & Kenaley, 2013[5]
Caristius fasciatus (Borodin, 1930)
Caristius japonicus T. N. Gill & H. M. Smith, 1905
Caristius litvinovi Kukuev, Parin & Trunov, 2013[6]
Caristius macropus (Bellotti, 1903) (Manefish)
Caristius meridionalis D. E. Stevenson & Kenaley, 2013[5]
Caristius walvisensis Kukuev, Parin & Trunov, 2013[6]
References
Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Caristiidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
Janssen, John; Gibbs Jr., Robert H.; Pugh, Phil R. (27 February 1989). "Association of Caristius sp. (Pisces: Caristiidae) with a siphonophore, Bathyphysa conifera". Copeia. 1989 (1): 198–201. doi:10.2307/1445624. JSTOR 1445624.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). Species of Caristius in FishBase. August 2013 version.
Kukuev, E.I., Parin, N.V. & Trunov, I.A. (2012): Materials for the Revision of the Family Caristiidae (Perciformes). 2. Manefishes from the East Atlantic (Redescription of Platyberyx opalescens Zugmayer and Description of Two New Species Platyberyx mauli sp. n. and Caristius andriashevi sp. n.). Journal of Ichthyology, 52 (3): 185-199.
Stevenson, D.E. & Kenaley, C.P. (2013): Revision of the Manefish Genera Caristius and Platyberyx (Teleostei: Percomorpha: Caristiidae), with Descriptions of Five New Species. Copeia, 2013 (3): 415-434.
Kukuev, E.I., Parin, N.V. & Trunov, I.A. (2013): Materials for the Revision of the Family Caristiidae (Perciformes): 3. Manefishes (Genus Caristius) from Moderate Warm Waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans with a Description of Three New Species from the Southeast Atlantic (C. barsukovi sp.n., C. litvinovi sp.n., C. walvisensis sp. n.) . Journal of Ichthyology, 53 (8): 541-561.
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