Phrynops hilarii

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis: Sarcopterygii
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Cladus: Archelosauria
Division: Pan-Testudines
Division: Testudinata
Ordo: Testudines
Infraordo: Pan-Pleurodira
Subordo: Pleurodira
Superfamilia: Chelidoidea

Familia: Chelidae
Subfamilia: Chelinae
Genus: Phrynops
Species: Phrynops hilarii
Name

Phrynops hilarii (Duméril & Bibron 1835)
Vernacular names
čeština: Vousivka Hilairova
日本語: ヒラリーカエルガメ
português: Cágado-da-lagoa

Phrynops hilarii, commonly known as Hilaire’s toadhead turtle or Hilaire’s side-necked turtle, is a species of freshwater turtle in the family Chelidae. The species is endemic to South America.

Etymology

The specific name, hilarii, is in honor of French zoologist Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire.[4]
Geographic range

P. hilarii is found in southern Brazil (Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul), southward and westward into Uruguay and Argentina, and possibly also in Paraguay and Bolivia.[5]
Habitat

These turtles inhabit streams, lakes and swamps with abundant aquatic vegetation and soft bottoms.[6]
Description
File:Hilaire’s toadhead turtle 2014 11 08.ogvPlay media
Phrynops hilarii swimming in captivity.
Phrynops hilarii

Phrynops hilarii has an oval, flattened carapace, with a maximum length of approximately 40 cm, weighing approximately 5 kg. The carapace is usually dark brown, olive, or gray, with a yellow border. The head is large and flat, gray to olive above, with a pointed snout and two bicolored chin barbels There is a black band on each side of the head, which comes out of the muzzle and passes over the eyes, going up to the neck. [7][6]
Biology

This omnivorous species mainly feed on arthropods, with a preference for copepods, ostracods, and hemipterans. [8] They feed also on fish, birds, reptiles, small mammals and dead animals. It is oviparous. [5] These turtles can live for up to 37 years. [9]

Females lay twice a year, one between February and May and the other between September and December. They lay from 9 to 14 eggs, with a maximum of 32 eggs and an incubation period of approximately 150 days.
References

Duméril, André Marie Constant; Bibron, Gabriel (1835). Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Tome Second. Paris: Roret. 680 pp. (Platemys hilarii, new species, pp. 428-430). (in French).
Fritz, Uwe; Havaš, Peter (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World" (PDF). Vertebrate Zoology. 57 (2): 341. ISSN 1864-5755. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-17. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
van Dijk, Peter Paul; Iverson, John B.; Shaffer, H. Bradley; Bour, Roger; Rhodin; Anders G.J. (2012). Turtles of the World, 2012 Update: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, pp. 000.243–000.328.
Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Phrynops hilarii, p. 123).
The Reptile Database
Turtles of the World
Mario R. Cabrera, Sonia E. Colantonio Ontogenetic variation of plastral spotting pattern in Phrynops hilarii (Testudines, Chelidae)
Leandro Alcalde, Natacha Nara Derocco, and Sergio Daniel Rosset Feeding in Syntopy: Diet of Hydromedusa tectifera and Phrynops hilarii (Chelidae)

The animal ageing and longevity database