Ramphocelus dimidiatus

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Passeroidea

Familia: Thraupidae
Genus: Ramphocelus
Species: Ramphocelus dimidiatus
Subspecies: R. d. arestus – R. d. dimidiatus – R. d. limatus – R. d. molochinus

Dubious taxon or synonym: R. d. isthmicus – included in nominal.

Name

Ramphocelus dimidiatus Lafresnaye, 1837

Type locality: Cartagena, Colombia.

References

de Lafresnaye, F. 1837. Notice sur le groupe des Tangaras Ramphocéles e sur tout les espèces que le composent, et description d'une nouvelle espèce de cette division. Magasin de zoologie 7(2): 1–3, pl.81. BHL Reference page. Original description p. 2 BHL Illustration pl. 81,text BHL

Vernacular names
čeština: tangara karmínová
dansk: Rødrygget Fløjlstangar
Deutsch: Scharlachbauchtangare
English: Crimson-backed Tanager
español: Tangara Dorsirroja
eesti: aed-karmiintangara
suomi: tarhatangara
français: Tangara à dos rouge
magyar: kárminhátú tangara
italiano: Tangara dorsocremisi
日本語: セアカフウキンチョウ, seakafuukinchou
Nederlands: Roodbuiktangare
norsk: Karmingumptanagar
polski: tapiranga szkarlatna
русский: Малиновобрюхая расписная танагра
slovenčina: sangara šarlátová
svenska: Rödryggad tapiranga
中文: 绯背厚嘴唐纳雀

The crimson-backed tanager (Ramphocelus dimidiatus) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is found in Colombia, Panama, and Venezuela, and introduced to French Polynesia.[2] Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.[2] A nickname in Panama is sangre de toro ("Blood of the bull").[3]

The crimson-backed tanager was first described by French naturalist Frédéric de Lafresnaye in 1837. It is one of nine species of brightly coloured tanagers of the genus Ramphocelus. Mitochondrial DNA evidence indicates its closest relative is the masked crimson tanager (R. nigrogularis), and the two split around 800,000 years ago.[4]
female R. d. isthmicus, Panama City

Measuring around 18 cm (7.1 in) in length, the adult male has a silver sheen on its lower mandible.[5] Its whole head and chest are a maroon red, brightening to a bright red on its lower back and abdomen. Its wings and tail are black. The female is duller with blackish underparts.[6]

It is found in northern and western Colombia (south to Chocó where it is uncommon[6]), the Maracaibo Basin in Venezuela,[5] and over most of Panama, where it extends to Chiriquí and Veraguas Provinces in the west of the country, as well as Coiba, where it is abundant, and Pearl Islands.[3] It inhabits forest, scrub and gardens.[5]

A nest with a clutch of two blue eggs with fine dark dots has been recorded.[6]

A field study on blood parasites found that two individual crimson-backed tanagers (out of twelve tested) bore Plasmodium, with the study concluding the overall rate was low compared with studies done elsewhere.[7]
References

BirdLife International (2018). "Ramphocelus dimidiatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22722500A132154364. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22722500A132154364.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
"BirdLife Species Factsheet (additional data): Crimson-backed Tanager". BirdLife International. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
Ridgely, Robert S.; Gwynne, John A. (1992). A Guide to the Birds of Panama: With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras. Princeton University Press. p. 403. ISBN 0-691-02512-6.
Burns, Kevin J.; Racicot, Rachel A. (2009). "Molecular phylogenetics of a clade of lowland tanagers: implications for avian participation in the great American interchange" (PDF). The Auk. 126 (3): 635–648. doi:10.1525/auk.2009.08195. S2CID 32907534. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-29. Retrieved 2011-05-31.
Ridgely, Robert S.; Tudor, Guy (2009). Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America: The Passerines. University of Texas Press. p. 614. ISBN 978-0-292-71979-8.
Hilty, Steven L.; Brown, Bill (1986). A guide to the birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press. p. 624. ISBN 0-691-08372-X. Retrieved 1 June 2011.

Londoño, Aurora; Pulgarin-R., Paulo C.; Blair, Silvia (2007). "Blood Parasites in Birds From the Lowlands of Northern Colombia" (PDF). Caribbean Journal of Science. 43 (1): 87–93. doi:10.18475/cjos.v43i1.a8. S2CID 87907947.