Onychorhynchus

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Cladus: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Cladus: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Classis/Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Subclassis/Parvclassis: Neornithes
Infraclassis/Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Tyranni
Infraordo: Tyrannides
Parvordo: Tyrannida

Familia: Onychorhynchidae
Genus: Onychorhynchus
Species: O. coronatus – O. swainsoni
Name

Onychorhynchus Fischer von Waldheim, 1810

Typus: Muscicapa coronata Statius Müller, 1776 = Onychorhynchus coronatus

Synonyms

Muscivora Lacépède, 1800 TraitedOrn.[Daudin] p. 426 BHL
Megalophus Swainson, 1836 Class.Birds 1: p. 34 note BHL p. 56 BHL
Onichorhynchus Fischer von Waldheim, 1810 [variation]
Onyrhynchus Stephens, 1826 (emend.?) Gen.Zool.[Shaw] p. 109 BHL

References
Primary references

Description d'objets rares du Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Université Impériale de Moscou 1 p. 1 pl.

Additional references

Harvey, M.G, Bravo, G.A., Claramunt, S, Cuervo, A.M., Derryberry, G.E., Battilana, J., Seeholzer, G.F., McKay, J.S., O’Meara, B.C., Faircloth, B.C., Edwards, S.V., Pérez-Emán, J.L., Moyle, R.G., Sheldon, F.H., Aleixo, A., Smith, B.T., Chesser, R.T., Silveira, L.F., Cracraft, J., Brumfield, R.T. & Derryberry, E.P. 2020. The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot. Science 370 no.6522: 1343–1348. DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6970 Reference page.
Reyes P., Bates, J.M., Naka, L.N., Miller, M.J., Caballero, I., González-Quevedo, C., Parra, J.L., Rivera-Gutiérrez, H.F., Bonaccorso, E. & Tello, J.G. 2023. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the ancient genus Onychorhynchus (Aves: Onychorhynchidae) suggest cryptic Amazonian diversity. Journal of Avian Biology: e03159. DOI: 10.1111/jav.03159 Open access Reference page.

Vernacular names
English: Royal flycatchers
español: Mosqueros reales
português: Maria-leques

The royal flycatchers are a genus, Onychorhynchus, of passerine birds that the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) places in the family Tityridae.[1]
Names

The genus name Onychorhynchus comes from the Greek words ὄνυξ onyx "nail" and ρυγχος rhynkhos "bill".[2] The specific epithet of the type species, coronatus, and the common name royal flycatcher, refer to the striking, colorful crest,[3] which is seen displayed very rarely,[3] except after mating, while preening, in courtship as well as being handled.[3]
Taxonomy and systematics

For many years the IOC and BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) placed four species in genus Onychorhynchus.[4][5] In 2024 the IOC combined ("lumped") the northern, Amazonian, and Pacific royal flycatchers as a single species, the tropical royal flycatcher (O. coronatus), leaving the Atlantic royal flycatcher unchanged.[6]

The taxonomies of the genus and of the family Tityridae remain unsettled. HBW retains the four-species treatment.[5] The Clements taxonomy recognizes the same two species of royal flycatcher as the IOC. However, Clements places them and five other species in family Onychorhynchidae, rather than in Tityridae like the IOC.[7][1] The North American and South American Classification Committees of the American Ornithological Society (AOS) treat genus Onychorhynchus as having one species, the royal flycatcher (O. coronatus sensu lato), with multiple subspecies. Like Clements the AOS committees place the royal flycatcher in family Onychorhynchidae. They lump two of the Clements species and like Clements place the resulting four species in Onychorhynchidae. The South American committee is seeking a proposal for reevaluation of the taxa.[8][9]

The IOC and Clements recognize these two species in genus Onychorhynchus.[1][7]

Image	Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
	Onychorhynchus coronatus	Tropical royal flycatcher	Southern Mexico through Central America, western Colombia, western Ecuador, and the Amazon Basin in northern Bolivia, eastern Peru, eastern Ecuador, eastern Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and northern and western Brazil
	Onychorhynchus swainsoni	Atlantic royal flycatcher	Atlantic forest in southeastern Brazil

References

Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Cotingas, manakins, tityras, becards". IOC World Bird List. v 14.2. Retrieved August 19, 2024.
Jobling, James A. (2010). Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London, UK: Christopher Helm. p. 282. ISBN 978-1-4081-3326-2. OCLC 659731768.
Ridgely, Robert and John A. Gwynne Jr. (1989). A Guide to the Birds of Panama with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691025126.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Cotingas, manakins, tityras, becards". IOC World Bird List. v 13.2. Retrieved July 10, 2023.
HBW and BirdLife International (2023). Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 8. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v8_Dec23.zip retrieved December 28, 2023
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2024). "Cotingas, manakins, tityras, becards". IOC World Bird List. v 14.1. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
Clements, J. F., P.C. Rasmussen, T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, A. Spencer, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, M. Smith, and C. L. Wood. 2024. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2024. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved October 23, 2024
Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, O. Johnson, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, and J. V. Remsen, Jr. 2024. Check-list of North American Birds (online). American Ornithological Society. https://checklist.americanornithology.org/taxa/ retrieved August 22, 2024
Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 28 September 2024. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved September 29, 2024