Microcarbo

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Aequornithes
Ordo: Suliformes

Familia: Phalacrocoracidae
Genus: Microcarbo
Species: M. africanus – M. coronatus – M. melanoleucos – M. niger – M. pygmaeus
Name

Microcarbo Bonaparte, 1856

Typus: Pelecanus pygmeus Pallas, 1773, = Microcarbo pygmaeus

References

Bonaparte, C.L. 1856. Excursion dans les divers Museés d'Allemagne, de Hollande et de Belgique, et Tableaux paralléliques de l'ordre des Échassiers. Compte Rendu des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences 43: 410–421 BHL; Suite 571–579 BHL; Fin 593–601 BHL. Mallet-Bachelier. Paris. Reference page. p. 577

Vernacular names
English: Dwarf cormorants

Microcarbo is a genus of fish-eating birds, known as cormorants, of the family Phalacrocoracidae. The genus was formerly subsumed within Phalacrocorax.

Microcarbo has been recognized as a valid genus by the IOC's World Bird List[1] on the basis of work by Siegel-Causey (1988), Kennedy et al. (2000), and Christidis and Boles (2008).

As suggested by the name, this genus contains the smallest of the world's cormorants. It is also the most basal, having diverged from the rest of the family between 12.8 to 15.4 million years ago.[2]
Taxonomy

The genus Microcarbo was introduced in 1856 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte with the pygmy cormorant as the type species.[3][4] The name combines the Ancient Greek mikros meaning "small" with the genus name Carbo that was introduced by Bernard Germain de Lacépède in 1789.[5]

The genus contains five species.[1]
List of species

Genus Microcarbo – Bonaparte, 1856 – five species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Crowned cormorant	Microcarbo coronatus (Wahlberg,, 1855)	Cape Agulhas north to Swakopmund along the coast of southern Africa	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Little cormorant	Microcarbo niger (Vieillot, 1817)	Indian Subcontinent east to Java	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Little pied cormorant	Microcarbo melanoleucos (Vieillot, 1817) Three subspecies M. m. melanoleucos. M. m. brevicauda Mayr 1931. M. m. brevirostris Gould 1837	New Zealand, from Stewart Island to Northland, mainland Australia, Tasmania and Indonesia	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

Pygmy cormorant	Microcarbo pygmaeus (, )	south-east of Europe (east of Italy) and south-west of Asia, in Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Reed cormorant	Microcarbo africanus (Gmelin, JF, 1789) Two subspecies M. a. africanus (Gmelin, JF, 1789) M. a. pictilis (Bangs, 1918	Africa south of the Sahara, and Madagascar	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

†Serventys' cormorant, Microcarbo serventyorum

References

Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2021). "Storks, frigatebirds, boobies, darters, cormorants". IOC World Bird List Version 12.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
Kennedy, Martyn; Spencer, Hamish G. (2014-10-01). "Classification of the cormorants of the world". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 79: 249–257. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.020. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 24994028.
Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1856). "Excusion dans les divers Musées d'Allemagne, de Hollande et de Belgique, et tableaux paralléliques de l'ordre des échassiers (suite)". Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences (in French). 43: 571–579 [577].
Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 163.

Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 253. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

Christidis, L., and W. E. Boles. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia.
Kennedy, M., R. D. Gray, and H. G. Spencer. 2000. The phylogenetic relationships of the shags and cormorants: can sequence data resolve a disagreement between behavior and morphology? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 17: 345–359.
Siegel-Causey, D. 1988. Phylogeny of the Phalacrocoracidae. Condor 90: 885–905. Available at [1] (Accessed 13 May 2010).